ArticleFrontiers in immunology2019
Maintenance of Functional CD57+ Cytolytic CD4+ T Cells in HIV+ Elite Controllers.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV Reservoirs Across Multiple Tissues: From Heterogeneous Mechanisms to Therapeutic Targeting.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Review
- Beyond the Th2 paradigm: CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes as key drivers of tissue damage and fibrosis in IgG4-related disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Patterns of inflammation and immune activation by coreceptor use in people living with HIV-1.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Aberrant T-cell phenotypes in a cohort of patients with post-treatment Lyme disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Detection of >400 Cluster of Differentiation Biomarkers and Pathway Proteins in Single Immune Cells by Cyclic MultiplexAnalytical chemistry · 2024Article
- Natural Killer Cells and Cytotoxic T Cells: Complementary Partners against Microorganisms and Cancer.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Immunotherapy-induced cytotoxic T follicular helper cells reduce numbers of retrovirus-infected reservoir cells in B cell follicles.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Reduced CCR5 expression among Uganda HIV controllers.Retrovirology · 2023Article
- Cytotoxic CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Article
- Uncovering the significance of expanded CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Autophagy-dependent glutaminolysis drives superior IL21 production in HIV-1-specific CD4 T cells.Autophagy · 2022Article
- Immunological dysfunction persists for 8 months following initial mild-to-moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection.Nature immunology · 2022Article
- Immune Mechanisms Underlying Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Seroclearance in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients With Viral Coinfection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- High titre neutralizing antibodies in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection require RBD-specific CD4 T cells that include proliferative memory cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Immunogenetic determinants of heterosexual HIV-1 transmission: key findings and lessons from two distinct African cohorts.Genes and immunity · 2021Review
- Functional Characteristics and Phenotypic Plasticity of CD57Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2021Article
- Role of CD4+ T Cells in the Control of Viral Infections: Recent Advances and Open Questions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cytolytic CD4+ T cells play a prominent role in chronic viral infection. CD4+ CTLs clones specific for HIV-1 Nef and Gag are capable of killing HIV-1 infected CD4+ T cells and macrophages. Additionally, HIV-specific cytolytic CD4+ T cell responses in acute HIV infection are predictive of disease progression. CD57 expression on CD4s identifies cytolytic cells. These cells were dramatically increased in chronic HIV infection. CD57 expression correlated with cytolytic granules, granzyme B and perforin expression. They express lower CCR5 compared to CD57- cells, have less HIV total DNA, and were a minor component of the HIV reservoir. A small percentage of CD57+ CD4+ CTLs from EC were HIV-specific, could upregulate IFNγ with Gag peptide stimulation, express cytolytic granule markers and maintain Tbet
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.