Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31440116›Full record

ArticleBMC nursing2019

Increasing cultural awareness: qualitative study of nurses' perceptions about cultural competence training.

Anu-Marja Kaihlanen, Laura Hietapakka, Tarja Heponiemi

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC nursing, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
99citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
44.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

99 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 290 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Interventions to improve Cultural Safety in healthcare in CANZUS countries: a systematic mixed studies review of First Nations Peoples' experiences.International journal for quality in health care : journal of the International Society for Quality in Health Care · 2026
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  8. An Innovative Approach in Cultural Competence Education: Use of the Pecha Kucha Method.Journal of transcultural nursing : official journal of the Transcultural Nursing Society · 2026
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  14. Caring Across Cultures: A Cross-Sectional Study of Cultural Competence Among Nurses in Norway.Journal of transcultural nursing : official journal of the Transcultural Nursing Society · 2026
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39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Anu-Marja KaihlanenNational Institute of Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-4033-3673
Laura HietapakkaNational Institute of Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland.
Tarja HeponiemiNational Institute of Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland.
Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare · FI

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNowadays, healthcare professionals worldwide deliver care for increasing numbers of culturally and linguistically diverse patients. The importance of cultural competence is evident in terms of the quality of healthcare, and more knowledge is needed about different educational models and approaches that aim to increase cultural competence. This study examines the perceptions of nurses about the content and utility of cultural competence training that focuses on increasing awareness of one's own cultural features.

methodsThe training was conducted at one primary care hospital in southern Finland. Participants were registered nurses (

resultsPerceptions about the training were divided into three main categories: general utility of the training, personal utility of the training, and utility of the training for patients. General utility pertains to the general approach that the training provided on cross-cultural care, the possibility to initiate an open discussion, and the opportunity to improve current practices. Personal utility pertains to the opportunity to become aware of one's own cultural features, to change one's way of thinking, to obtain a new perspective on one's own communication practices and to receive justification for carrying out particular workable practices. Utility for patients pertains to fostering better awareness and acknowledgement of patients' differing cultural features and an increased respect in healthcare delivery. Additionally, the quality of the training was highlighted, and suggestions for improvement were offered.

conclusionTraining that increases healthcare professionals' awareness of their own cultural features was perceived as useful and thought-provoking. Increased awareness might facilitate the communication between healthcare professionals and patients, which is a crucial component of quality healthcare. It seems that in the future, training opportunities that allow larger groups to participate are needed, regardless of the time and place, and utilising the potential of e-learning should be considered.

Indexed as

Cultural awarenessCultural competenceHealthcare professionalsNurseTraining

Identifiers

PMID31440116
PMCPMC6704569
OpenAlexW2969211780

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.