ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2019
Effort-Reward Imbalance, Over-Commitment and Depressive Episodes at Work: Evidence from the ELSA-Brasil Cohort Study.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Objective assessment of mental stress in individuals with different levels of effort reward imbalance or overcommitment using heart rate variability: a systematic review.Systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Study-Related Predictors for Depression, Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Risk in German Veterinary Medical Students.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Longitudinal association of exposure to work-related stress with major depressive disorder and the role of occupational burnout in this association in the general population.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Article
- Effort-reward imbalance and common mental disorders among public sector employees of Iran: a cross-sectional analysis.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Effort-reward imbalance and sleep quality in railway locomotive stewards: a cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Effort-reward and overcommitment at work and psychiatric symptoms in healthcare professionals: The mediation role of allostatic load.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2024Article
- Article
- Psychosocial Occupational Health-A Priority for Middle-Income Countries?Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Influence of Sociodemographic and Emotional Factors on the Relationship between Self-Compassion and Perceived Stress among Men Residing in Brazil during the COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Association between informal employment and depressive symptoms in 11 cities in Latin America.SSM - population health · 2022Article
- Study on the Mental Health of the Elderly under Different Pension Models.Journal of healthcare engineering · 2022Article
- Prevalence of mental health problems and associated factors among front-line public health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: an effort-reward imbalance model-informed study.BMC psychology · 2021Article
- Presenteeism, Overcommitment, Workplace Bullying, and Job Satisfaction: A Moderated Mediation Relationship.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Occupational stress and psychological health impact on hypertension of miners in noisy environment in Wulumuqi, China: a case-control study.BMC public health · 2020Article
- A Cross Sectional Study Evaluating Psychosocial Job Stress and Health Risk in Emergency Department Nurses.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A growing burden of mental illness, and in particular depression, among workers is a concern of occupational public health. Scientific evidence has revealed consistent associations of work-related stress, as measured by theoretical models, with depression, but mostly so in developed countries. This contribution explores these associations in a developing Latin American country, Brazil, by applying an internationally established work stress model, the effort-reward imbalance (ERI). This model focuses on the work contract where unjust exchange between high efforts spent and low rewards received in turn contributes to stress-related disorders. The model's extrinsic ('effort', 'reward') and intrinsic components ('over-commitment'), as well as their combination, are hypothesized to be related to a higher risk of depressive episodes (DE). Using cross-sectional data from the ELSA-Brasil study, including 10,034 workers from the public sector, we observed increased prevalence ratio (PR) of DE according to ERI scales. The quartiles of highest 'effort' (PR = 1.85; 1.44-2.37), highest 'over-commitment' (PR = 3.62; 2.80-4.70) and lowest 'reward' (PR = 3.44; 2.55-4.64) were associated with DE, on adjusted models, as well was the E-R ratio (PR = 2.47; 1.92-3.17). An additive interaction was identified between the E-R ratio and 'over-commitment'. The results support the use of ERI as a screening tool for work stress in the Brazilian context and will offer guidance for worksite health promotion programs.
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