ArticleVirus research2019
Investigating the distribution of HIV-1 Tat lengths present in the Drexel Medicine CARES cohort.
Article in Virus research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV-1 Tat-driven Glutamate Dysregulation: Implications for Cognitive Impairment in HAND.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2026Review
- Methamphetamine and HIV-1 Tat Protein Synergistically Induce Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress to Promote TRIM13-Mediated Neuronal Autophagy.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- HIV-1 Tat amino acid residues that influence Tat-TAR binding affinity: a scoping review.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Article
- Functional impact of HIV-1 Tat on cells of the CNS and its role in HAND.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2020Review
- Extracellular HIV-1 Tat Mediates Increased Glutamate in the CNS Leading to Onset of Senescence and Progression of HAND.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2020Review
- The Evolution of Dendritic Cell Immunotherapy against HIV-1 Infection: Improvements and Outlook.Journal of immunology research · 2020Review
- HIV-1 Tat Length: Comparative and Functional Considerations.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Morphine exposure exacerbates HIV-1 Tat driven changes to neuroinflammatory factors in cultured astrocytes.PloS one · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) encodes for Tat, a multi-functional regulatory protein involved in transcriptional enhancement and in causing neurotoxicity/central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction. This study examines Sanger sequencing of HIV-1 subtype B Tat from 2006 to 2014 within the Drexel University College of Medicine CNS AIDS Research and Eradication Study (CARES) Cohort to investigate Tat length in patients. The Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) database was used as a comparator. Miscoded stop codons were present in the CARES Cohort and LANL and protein variability was highly similar. Tat proteins in CARES and LANL were predominantly 101 residues. There was no observed correlation between Tat length and clinical parameters within the CARES Cohort. Unique Tat lengths found in the CARES Cohort and not in LANL were 31, 36, and 39 residues. When CARES patients were longitudinally examined, sequence lengths of 101 had a low probability of reducing to below 48, and sequences had a high probability of increasing to above 86 residues during their next visit, when below 48 residues in length. This suggests that Tat length is conserved to retain the majority of the proteins function highlighting its importance in viral replication.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.