Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31437420›Full record

ReviewSexual health2019

World Health Organization Global Gonococcal Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (WHO GASP): review of new data and evidence to inform international collaborative actions and research efforts.

Magnus Unemo, Monica M Lahra, Michelle Cole, Patricia Galarza, Francis Ndowa, Irene Martin, Jo-Anne R Dillon, Pilar Ramon-Pardo, Gail Bolan, Teodora Wi

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Sexual health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 140 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
140citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
22.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

140 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 261 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Epidemiology of gonorrhoea: systematic review, meta-analyses, and meta-regressions, World Health Organization European Region, 1949 to 2021.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024
    Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Global status of Azithromycin and Erythromycin Resistance Rates inThe Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2022
    Pooled it
  8. Surveillance systems to monitor antimicrobial resistance inEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2022
    Pooled it
  9. The Prevalence of Antimicrobial ResistantInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Pooled it
  10. Pooled it
  11. Trial
  12. Trial
  13. Resistance-Guided Treatment of Gonorrhea: A Prospective Clinical Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021
    Trial
  14. Article
  15. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization ofJAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Trends and risk factors of antimicrobial resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Catalonia, Spain, 2022-2023.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article

80 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.

Magnus UnemoWorld Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Gonorrhoea and Other STIs, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, SE-701 85 Örebro, Sweden; and Corresponding author. Email: magnus.unemo@regionorebrolan.se.
Monica M LahraWorld Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Sexually Transmitted Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, New South Wales Health Pathology, Microbiology, Randwick, NSW, Australia.
Michelle ColeNational Infection Service, Public Health England, London, UK.
Patricia GalarzaNational Reference Laboratory for STDs, National Institute of Infectious Diseases - ANLIS 'Dr Carlos G. Malbrán', Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Francis NdowaSkin and Genitourinary Medicine Clinic, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Irene MartinPublic Health Agency of Canada, National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Jo-Anne R DillonUniversity of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Pilar Ramon-PardoCommunicable Diseases and Environmental Determinants of Health Department Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA.
Gail BolanDivision of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Teodora WiDepartment of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention · USPublic Health Agency of Canada · CAPublic Health England · GBUniversity of Montemorelos · MXUniversity of Saskatchewan · CAWorld Health Organization · CH

Funding

Intramural CDC HHS CC999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a serious public health problem, compromising the management and control of gonorrhoea globally. Resistance in N. gonorrhoeae to ceftriaxone, the last option for first-line empirical monotherapy of gonorrhoea, has been reported from many countries globally, and sporadic failures to cure especially pharyngeal gonorrhoea with ceftriaxone monotherapy and dual antimicrobial therapies (ceftriaxone plus azithromycin or doxycycline) have been confirmed in several countries. In 2018, the first gonococcal isolates with ceftriaxone resistance plus high-level azithromycin resistance were identified in England and Australia. The World Health Organization (WHO) Global Gonococcal Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (GASP) is essential to monitor AMR trends, identify emerging AMR and provide evidence for refinements of treatment guidelines and public health policy globally. Herein we describe the WHO GASP data from 67 countries in 2015-16, confirmed gonorrhoea treatment failures with ceftriaxone with or without azithromycin or doxycycline, and international collaborative actions and research efforts essential for the effective management and control of gonorrhoea. In most countries, resistance to ciprofloxacin is exceedingly high, azithromycin resistance is present and decreased susceptibility or resistance to ceftriaxone has emerged. Enhanced global collaborative actions are crucial for the control of gonorrhoea, including improved prevention, early diagnosis, treatment of index patient and partner (including test-of-cure), improved and expanded AMR surveillance (including surveillance of antimicrobial use and treatment failures), increased knowledge of correct antimicrobial use and the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antimicrobials and effective drug regulations and prescription policies (including antimicrobial stewardship). Ultimately, rapid, accurate and affordable point-of-care diagnostic tests (ideally also predicting AMR and/or susceptibility), new therapeutic antimicrobials and, the only sustainable solution, gonococcal vaccine(s) are imperative.

Indexed as

International CooperationAnti-Bacterial AgentsBiomedical ResearchDrug Resistance, BacterialGonorrheaHumansNeisseria gonorrhoeaePopulation SurveillanceWorld Health OrganizationAnti-Bacterial Agents

Identifiers

PMID31437420
PMCPMC7035961
OpenAlexW2969536729

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.