ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2019
Lipolytic Effects of 3-Iodothyronamine (T1AM) and a Novel Thyronamine-Like Analog SG-2 through the AMPK Pathway.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Novel Insights into the Pleiotropic Neuroprotective Action of Synthetic Halogen Free Thyronamine-like Analogues.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Thyroid hormone signaling in ocular development and diseases.Biological research · 2025Review
- Targeting autophagy impairment improves the phenotype of a novel CLN8 zebrafish model.Neurobiology of disease · 2024Article
- Genetic advancements in obesity management and CRISPR-Cas9-based gene editing system.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2023Review
- Substantial impact of 3-iodothyronamine (T1AM) on the regulations of fluorescent thermoprobe-measured cellular temperature and natriuretic peptide expression in cardiomyocytes.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Identification of a Thyroid Hormone Derivative as a Pleiotropic Agent for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Delivery of Thyronamines (TAMs) to the Brain: A Preliminary Study.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Article
- 3-Iodothyronamine and Derivatives: New Allies Against Metabolic Syndrome?International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Thyroid Hormone Metabolite 3-Iodothyronamine (T1AM) Alleviates Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-Induced Cardiac Myocyte Apoptosis via Akt/FoxO1 Pathway.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2020Article
- Endogenous 3-Iodothyronamine (T1AM) and Synthetic Thyronamine-like Analog SG-2 Act as Novel Pleiotropic Neuroprotective Agents Through the Modulation of SIRT6.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Potential Cardiovascular Protective Targets of the Thyroid Hormone Metabolite 3-Iodothyronamine (3-T1AM).BioMed research international · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
3-Iodothyronamine (T1AM) and its synthetic analog SG-2 are rapidly emerging as promising drivers of cellular metabolic reprogramming. Our recent research indicates that in obese mice a sub-chronic low dose T1AM treatment increased lipolysis, associated with significant weight loss independent of food consumption. The specific cellular mechanism of T1AM's lipolytic effect and its site of action remains unknown. First, to study the mechanism used by T1AM to gain entry into cells, we synthesized a fluoro-labeled version of T1AM (FL-T1AM) by conjugating it to rhodamine (TRITC) and analyzed its cellular uptake and localization in 3T3-L1 mouse adipocytes. Cell imaging using confocal microscopy revealed a rapid intercellular uptake of FL-T1AM into mitochondria without localization to the lipid droplet or nucleus of mature adipocytes. Treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes with T1AM and SG-2 resulted in decreased lipid accumulation, the latter showing a significantly higher potency than T1AM (10 µM vs. 20 µM, respectively). We further examined the effects of T1AM and SG-2 on liver HepG2 cells. A significant decrease in lipid accumulation was observed in HepG2 cells treated with T1AM or SG-2, due to increased lipolytic activity. This was confirmed by accumulation of glycerol in the culture media and through activation of the AMPK/ACC signaling pathways.
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