ArticleCNS neuroscience & therapeutics2019
Activation of epiplexus macrophages in hydrocephalus caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage and thrombin.
Article in CNS neuroscience & therapeutics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of Choroid Plexus in Hydrocephalus from the Perspective of Structure and Function: a Therapeutic Target.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Choroid Plexus Pathophysiology.Annual review of pathology · 2025Review
- White blood cells, monocytes and thrombin time in predicting symptomatic hydrocephalus in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.Frontiers in surgery · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of hydrocephalus after intraventricular haemorrhage: a review.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2024Review
- Choroid plexus CCL2‒CCR2 signaling orchestrates macrophage recruitment and cerebrospinal fluid hypersecretion in hydrocephalus.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2024Article
- One immune cell to bind them all: platelet contribution to neurodegenerative disease.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2024Review
- Correction: impact of sex differences on thrombin‑induced hydrocephalus and white matter injury: the role of neutrophils.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2024Article
- Machine learning and deep learning to identifying subarachnoid haemorrhage macrophage-associated biomarkers by bulk and single-cell sequencing.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Modulation of Cerebrospinal Fluid Dysregulation via a SPAK and OSR1 Targeted Framework Nucleic Acid in Hydrocephalus.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Choroid plexus immune cell response in murine hydrocephalus induced by intraventricular hemorrhage.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2024Article
- Inflammatory changes in the choroid plexus following subarachnoid hemorrhage: the role of innate immune receptors and inflammatory molecules.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Article
- Minocycline attenuates hydrocephalus and inhibits iron accumulation, ependymal damage and epiplexus cell activation after intraventricular hemorrhage in aged rats.Experimental neurology · 2023Article
- A new perspective on cerebrospinal fluid dynamics after subarachnoid hemorrhage: From normal physiology to pathophysiological changes.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2022Review
- Mechanisms of neuroinflammation in hydrocephalus after intraventricular hemorrhage: a review.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2022Review
- Delayed Minocycline Treatment Ameliorates Hydrocephalus Development and Choroid Plexus Inflammation in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Surfactant Protein-G in Wildtype and 3xTg-AD Mice: Localization in the Forebrain, Age-Dependent Hippocampal Dot-like Deposits and Brain Content.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- Impact of sex differences on thrombin-induced hydrocephalus and white matter injury: the role of neutrophils.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2021Article
- The Role of Thrombin in Brain Injury After Hemorrhagic and Ischemic Stroke.Translational stroke research · 2021Review
- When the Blood Hits Your Brain: The Neurotoxicity of Extravasated Blood.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Hydrocephalus Induced by Intraventricular Peroxiredoxin-2: The Role of Macrophages in the Choroid Plexus.Biomolecules · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimsWe have found that hydrocephalus development in spontaneously hypertensive rats was associated with activation of epiplexus cells. The current study examined whether epiplexus cell activation occurs in a rat subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), whether activation would be greater in a subset of rats that developed hydrocephalus and the potential role of thrombin in epiplexus cell activation.
methodsThere were two parts in this study. First, an endovascular perforation was performed in rats to induce SAH. Second, rats received an intraventricular infusion of either thrombin or saline. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure the ventricular volumes. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry were used to study epiplexus cell activation.
resultsIba-1, OX-6, and CD68 were expressed in the epiplexus cells of the choroid plexus in sham-operated rats. SAH increased Iba-1 and CD68 immunoreactivity in epiplexus cells in addition to an increase in Iba-1-positive cell soma size. Those effects were greater in rats that developed hydrocephalus. Intraventricular thrombin mimicked the effects of SAH on epiplexus cell activation and hydrocephalus.
conclusionThis study supports the concept that epiplexus cell activation is associated with hydrocephalus development. Epiplexus cell activation may be in response to thrombin production after hemorrhage, and it may be a therapeutic target.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.