ArticleClinical and experimental pediatrics2020
Effectiveness of various nonpharmacological analgesic methods in newborns.
Article in Clinical and experimental pediatrics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06004258 (Effectiveness of the Painless Vaccination Protocol Versus Traditional Vaccination Methodology in Reducing Pain in Children Aged 2 Months to 14 Years. A Multicenter, Quasi-experimental), which is not on this map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effectiveness of the Painless Vaccination Protocol Versus Traditional Vaccination Methodology in Reducing Pain in Children Aged 2 Months to 14 Years. A Multicenter, Quasi-experimental (Non-randomized) Controlled Study
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Physical Interventions Administered Orally for Infants for Reducing Distress During Vaccine Injections.The Clinical journal of pain · 2026Pooled it
- Breastfeeding or breast milk for procedural pain in neonates.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- The Effect of Breastfeeding Versus Sensorial Saturation on Infants' Behavioral Responses of Pain following Pentavalent Vaccination on 4 and 6 Month Old Infants: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Study.International journal of community based nursing and midwifery · 2022Trial
- Efficacy of Breast Milk Olfactory and Gustatory Interventions on Neonates' Biobehavioral Responses to Pain during Heel Prick Procedures.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Integrating Music Therapy and Nursing for Neonatal Procedural Support Using a Pacifier Activated Lullaby Device.The American journal of nursing · 2026Article
- An Effect of Smelled Breast Milk During and After Venous Blood Drawing on Newborn Infants' Pain and Comfort Level.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Comparison of breastfeeding, music therapy, and oral sucrose's impact on pain relief among infants during pentavalent vaccination.Journal of education and health promotion · 2024Article
- Predicting Who Receives Nonpharmacologic Pain Interventions in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses · 2022Article
- State of the Art in Parent-Delivered Pain-Relieving Interventions in Neonatal Care: A Scoping Review.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Article
- Prevention and management of pain in the neonatal intensive care unit.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPain during the developmental period may adversely affect developing neuronal pathways and result in adverse neurodevelopmental, cognitive, and behavioral effects in later life. Immunizations, e.g., hepatitis B vaccine (HBV), administered at birth are painful experiences to which neonates are universally subjected. PURPOSE: Here we aimed to study and compare the effectiveness of various nonpharmacological pain management methods in newborns to enable the development of safe and effective analgesic methods for newborns.
methodsThis prospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in the Himalayan region. Three hundred term healthy neonates were divided into 6 groups of 50 each. Groups 1-5 were intervention groups, patients of which received a nonpharmacological intervention (breastfeeding, nonnutritive sucking, rocking, 25% sucrose, or distilled water) before the intramuscular HBV, while patients in group 6 received no intervention. The pain response in each group after the HBV injection was assessed and compared using cry duration and Douleur Aigue Nveau-ne (DAN) score, a behavioral acute pain rating scale for newborns.
resultsCry duration was decreased in all intervention groups, significantly so in the sucrose (19.90 seconds), breastfeeding (31.57 seconds), and nonnutritive sucking (36.93 seconds) groups compared with controls (52.86 seconds). DAN scores decreased significantly (P<0.05) at one or more points i.e. 30, 60, or 120 seconds in the breastfeeding and 25% sucrose intervention groups compared with controls.
conclusionOral sucrose and nonnutritive sucking are simple yet underutilized nonpharmacological interventions that effectively reduce pain in newborns.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.