ArticleHuman pathology2019
Androgen receptor immunohistochemistry in salivary duct carcinoma: a retrospective study of 188 cases focusing on tumoral heterogeneity and temporal concordance.
Article in Human pathology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Darolutamide Alone and in Combination With Goserelin in Androgen Receptor-Positive Salivary Gland Carcinoma: Results From the Phase II DISCOVARY Trial.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Sex differences in non-reproductive cancers: mechanistic roles of sex-hormone signaling.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Structurally Oriented Classification of FOXA1 Alterations Identifies Prostate Cancers with Opposing Clinical Outcomes and Distinct Molecular and Immunologic Subtypes.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025Article
- Salivary Duct Carcinoma: A Case Report With Cytological and Immunohistochemical Study and Review of Literature.Cureus · 2025Article
- Androgen receptor signalling in non-prostatic malignancies: challenges and opportunities.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2025Review
- Androgen receptor overexpression by immunohistochemistry in malignant salivary gland tumors in Tanzania.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Reappraisal of Oncocytic Adenocarcinoma: Unveiling Its Connection to Oncocytic Variants of Salivary Duct Carcinoma and Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma Through ImmunoHisto-Molecular Perspectives.The American journal of surgical pathology · 2025Article
- Frequency of Androgen Receptor Positivity in Tumors: A Study Evaluating More Than 18,000 Tumors.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Oncocytoid Salivary Tumors: Differential Diagnosis and Utility of Newly Described Immunohistochemistry.Head and neck pathology · 2024Review
- Translational Insights in the Landscape of Salivary Gland Cancers: Ready for a New Era?Cancers · 2024Review
- Article
- Recommendations for the use of biomarkers for head and neck cancer, including salivary gland tumours: a consensus of the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology and the Spanish Society of Pathology.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2022Article
- The evolving role of molecular pathology in the diagnosis of salivary gland tumours with potential pitfalls.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2022Review
- Heterogeneity of Genetic Landscapes in Salivary Gland Tumors and Their Critical Roles in Current Management.Medeniyet medical journal · 2022Article
- The implicated clinical factors for outcomes in 304 patients with salivary duct carcinoma: Multi-institutional retrospective analysis in Japan.Head & neck · 2022Article
- Demography, patterns of care, and survival outcomes in patients with salivary duct carcinoma: an individual patient data analysis of 857 patients.Future science OA · 2022Article
- Article
- Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Patients with Androgen-Receptor-Positive Metastatic Salivary Duct Carcinoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.OncoTargets and therapy · 2021Article
- Salivary duct carcinoma: Updates in histology, cytology, molecular biology, and treatment.Cancer cytopathology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a high-grade salivary gland carcinoma that is associated with frequent metastasis and poor outcome. Androgen receptor (AR) immunoexpression in SDC is reported in 69% to 100% of SDC. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has shown a response rate of 18% to 42% in SDC. Therefore, AR immunoexpression may serve as a diagnostic and predictive marker for ADT response in SDC. We investigated AR immunopositivity and staining pattern in a large retrospective cohort of 188 SDCs from 163 patients, including 22 paired primary and metastatic SDCs from the same patients, focusing specifically on staining heterogeneity and concordance. A control cohort of 61 non-SDC salivary gland carcinomas was also included. AR immunopositivity defined as ≥1% of tumor cell nuclear staining was found in 94% (177/188) of SDCs, including 95% of primary tumors, 100% of regional metastases, and 90% of distant metastases. Most of the cases (75%, 86/114) showed homogeneous and diffuse AR positivity. However, a subset (25%) exhibited focal or heterogeneous AR staining pattern. Although most metastases (21/22, 95%) had concordant AR expression with the primary tumors, one treatment-naïve tumor (5%) had complete loss of AR immunoexpression in the metastasis without detectable molecular alterations in AR or AR co-regulators. AR positive staining in non-SDC salivary carcinomas was infrequent (15%, 9/61), and mostly heterogeneous or focal. AR immunoexpression is highly prevalent in SDC, in both primary (94%) and metastatic tumors (93%). The cumulative AR immunopositivity rate in SDC is 90% based on data from the current study and previous literature. A small subset may show intratumoral AR heterogeneity and discordant AR expression in metastasis. AR immunoexpression may be seen in non-SDC salivary gland carcinomas but it is uncommon and usually focal.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.