ArticleThe Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy2019
Intervention planning for Antibiotic Review Kit (ARK): a digital and behavioural intervention to safely review and reduce antibiotic prescriptions in acute and general medicine.
Article in The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tailored interventions to address determinants of practice.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review of national interventions and policies to optimize antibiotic use in healthcare settings in England.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2024Pooled it
- Stakeholder Perspectives of Clinical Artificial Intelligence Implementation: Systematic Review of Qualitative Evidence.Journal of medical Internet research · 2023Pooled it
- Supporting families managing childhood eczema: developing and optimising eczema care online using qualitative research.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Article
- Optimising stakeholder engagement during intervention planning and development using the Person-Based Approach: the example of an online FeNO-guided asthma management intervention in primary care.NPJ primary care respiratory medicine · 2025Review
- Evaluating the Feasibility and Acceptability of a Prototype Hospital Digital Antibiotic Review Tracking Toolkit: A Qualitative Study Using the RE-AIM Framework.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- From Raising Awareness to a Behavioural Change: A Case Study of Indoor Air Quality Improvement Using IoT and COM-B Model.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Evaluating the translation of implementation science to clinical artificial intelligence: a bibliometric study of qualitative research.Frontiers in health services · 2023Review
- Implementation of the Antimicrobial Review Kit (ARK) to optimise antimicrobial prescribing at the Royal Cornwall Hospital: a behavioural change odyssey.Clinical medicine (London, England) · 2022Article
- Why we prescribe antibiotics for too long in the hospital setting: a systematic scoping review.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2022Article
- Developing public transport messaging to provide crowding information during COVID-19: Application of the COM-B model and behaviour change wheel.Transportation research interdisciplinary perspectives · 2022Article
- How can behavioural science contribute to qualitative research on antimicrobial stewardship in primary care?JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2022Review
- A Scoping Review of the Use of Social and Behavioral Change in Acute Care Antimicrobial Stewardship Initiatives.Hospital pharmacy · 2022Article
- Using theories and frameworks to understand how to reduce low-value healthcare: a scoping review.Implementation science : IS · 2022Article
- Development of an intervention to support the implementation of evidence-based strategies for optimising antibiotic prescribing in general practice.Implementation science communications · 2021Article
- Evidence for action: a One Health learning platform on interventions to tackle antimicrobial resistance.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2020Review
- Article
- Why do hospital prescribers continue antibiotics when it is safe to stop? Results of a choice experiment survey.BMC medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHospital antimicrobial stewardship strategies, such as 'Start Smart, Then Focus' in the UK, balance the need for prompt, effective antibiotic treatment with the need to limit antibiotic overuse using 'review and revise'. However, only a minority of review decisions are to stop antibiotics. Research suggests that this is due to both behavioural and organizational factors.
objectivesTo develop and optimize the Antibiotic Review Kit (ARK) intervention. ARK is a complex digital, organizational and behavioural intervention that supports implementation of 'review and revise' to help healthcare professionals safely stop unnecessary antibiotics.
methodsA theory-, evidence- and person-based approach was used to develop and optimize ARK and its implementation. This was done through iterative stakeholder consultation and in-depth qualitative research with doctors, nurses and pharmacists in UK hospitals. Barriers to and facilitators of the intervention and its implementation, and ways to address them, were identified and then used to inform the intervention's development.
resultsA key barrier to stopping antibiotics was reportedly a lack of information about the original prescriber's rationale for and their degree of certainty about the need for antibiotics. An integral component of ARK was the development and optimization of a Decision Aid and its implementation to increase transparency around initial prescribing decisions.
conclusionsThe key output of this research is a digital and behavioural intervention targeting important barriers to stopping antibiotics at review (see http://bsac-vle.com/ark-the-antibiotic-review-kit/ and http://antibioticreviewkit.org.uk/). ARK will be evaluated in a feasibility study and, if successful, a stepped-wedge cluster-randomized controlled trial at acute hospitals across the NHS.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.