ArticleBMC musculoskeletal disorders2019
Comparison of the French and CARDS classifications for lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis: reliability and validity.
Article in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Surgical Stabilization of the Spine: A Clinical Review of Spinal Fractures, Spondylolisthesis, and Instrumentation Methods.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis: review of current classifications and proposal of a novel classification system.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2024Review
- Article
- Comparison of SDSG and CARDS classifications for L5/S1 lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis: an independent inter- and intra-observer agreement study.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe aim of this study was to compare the reliability and validity of the CARDS and French classification systems for lumbar DS.
methodsBetween May 2013 and December 2016, 158 consecutive patients diagnosed with single-level lumbar DS were included in this study, and all underwent lumbar fusion. All patients underwent long-cassette standing anterioposterior and lateral radiographs of the spine preoperatively and postoperatively. The images were graded according to the CARDS and French classification systems by two orthopedic spinal surgeons and two orthopedic spinal fellows, independently. Clinical outcome measures used were the visual analog scale, Oswestry Disability Index, and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey. Clinical data were collected before surgery and 1 year after surgery.
resultsA total of 146 patients were finally included in this study and followed up for at least 1 year. When grading using the CARDS system, the κ values for inter- and intraobserver reliability were 0.837 and 0.869, respectively, representing perfect agreement. The interobserver κ value for the French classification was 0.693 and the intraobserver κ value was 0.743, both representing substantial agreement. CARDS Type D patients have higher preoperative back pain scores and better improvement after surgery compared with non-Type D patients. Mean back and leg pain was worse in French Type 5 patients, while the most significant improvement was also seen in Type 5 patients after surgery.
conclusionsBoth CARDS and French classification systems have acceptable reliability and validity. The CARDS system is easier to utilize and has better reliability. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.