ArticleBMC public health2019
Prevalence and associated risk factors of peripheral artery disease in virologically suppressed HIV-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy in Kwara state, Nigeria: a cross sectional study.
Article in BMC public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04763668 (Assessment of the Impact of HIV Infection an Anti-retroviral Therapy), which is not on this map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Assessment of the Impact of HIV Infection an Anti-retroviral Therapy (ART) on the Cardiometabolic Health of Pregnant Mothers and Their Offspring
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in African populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Peripheral Arterial Disease in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
- Premature "asymptomatic" peripheral artery disease and correlates among HIV-positive adults in Ghana: findings from the SCRIPT study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- A comparative study of cardiovascular diseases risk profile among HIV-positive individuals on antiretroviral therapy and HIV-negative controls in a secondary healthcare setting in southwest Nigeria.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- The heart and HIV therapy: exploring the dual cardiovascular impact of antiretroviral treatment - a narrative review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Article
- Review
- [Interventional study on Dolutegravir and other antiretrovirals in patients with subclinical atherosclerosis in the Kinshasa Hospital].The Pan African medical journal · 2023Article
- Symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection is associated with advanced presentation and perioperative mortality in patients undergoing surgery for peripheral arterial disease.Journal of vascular surgery · 2022Article
- Assessment of the impact of HIV infection and anti-retroviral treatment on the cardiometabolic health of pregnant mothers and their offspring (ARTMOMSBABES).BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2021Article
- HIV clinical stages and lower extremity arterial disease among HIV infected outpatients in Burundi.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Hypertension and Metabolic Syndrome in Persons with HIV.Current hypertension reports · 2020Review
- HIV and cardiovascular disease.The lancet. HIV · 2020Review
- Metabolic Syndrome in HIV: Prevalence, correlates, concordance of Diagnostic Criteria and relationship to Carotid Intimal Media Thickness in a Sub-Saharan Population.Nigerian medical journal : journal of the Nigeria Medical AssociationArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe association between HIV and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been reported in several studies. However, there is paucity of information on the prevalence of subclinical disease as well as its associated risk factors in sub-Saharan African population. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of peripheral artery disease (PAD) among virologically suppressed HIV-infected participants in Kwara State, Nigeria.
methodsThis study was conducted between July 2018 and December 2018. A total of 150 HIV-infected participants aged between 20 and 55 years and 50 HIV non-infected age-matched controls were randomly recruited in the study. Sociodemographic, anthropometric and clinical data were collected using a well-structured questionnaire. Ankle brachial index (ABI) was measured, PAD was defined as ABI of < 0.9. Cryopreserved serum was used to evaluate lipid profile parameters. Student's t-test and Chi-square were used to compare continuous and categorical variables. Associations of CVD risk factors and clinical data, and lipid profile with low ABI were assessed using logistic regression analysis.
resultsThe study participants had a mean age of 43.73 ± 8.74, majority were females (72.7%) with a mean duration on ART of 7.73 ± 3.52 years. Hypertension was present in 15.9%, diabetes 4%, family history of CVD 8.6% and metabolic syndrome 17.3% in the study group. The study participants recorded significantly lower mean values for ABI, HDL-C and significantly higher mean values of TG (P < 0.05) compared to the control group. The prevalence of low ABI (14.6%) was higher in the study group compared to the control group (2%). A significantly negative correlation between ABI and duration on ART (r = - 0.163, P = 0.041) and a positive correlation between viral load and TG were observed in the study group. TC (OR 1.784, P = 0.011), LDL-C (OR 1.824, P = 0.010) and CD4 cell count < 200 cells/mm
conclusionViral suppression with combined antiretroviral therapy and long term treatment is associated with dyslipidaemia, with increased risk of PAD. Prevalence of PAD in virologically-suppressed individuals does not differ from the controls in the population studied.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.