ArticleFrontiers in aging neuroscience2019
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Impairment in the Modern ART Era: Are We Close to Discovering Reliable Biomarkers in the Setting of Virological Suppression?
Article in Frontiers in aging neuroscience, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association between cerebrospinal fluid CXCL10 and neurocognitive disorders in people living with HIV: a meta-analysis.AIDS research and therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Implications and prospects of immunological and neuroimaging research in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- The Effects of High-Dose Probiotic Supplementation on Immune Activation and Neurocognitive Disorders in People Living with HIV Undergoing Successful Antiretroviral Treatment: The Procog Study.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Trial
- Changes in Cerebrospinal Fluid, Liver and Intima-media-thickness Biomarkers in Patients with HIV-associated Neurocognitive Disorders Randomized to a Less Neurotoxic Treatment Regimen.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2023Trial
- HAND in Africa: prevalence, diagnostic challenges and the search for objective markers.Journal of neurovirology · 2026Review
- Review
- Article
- The Changing Spectrum of Cognitive Impairment in People with HIV; Establishment and Updates of the International HIV-Cognition Working Group.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2026Review
- Exploratory Cohort Study of Depressive Symptoms in South Africans with HIV-1 Subtype C: Associations with Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites and Inflammatory Markers.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Article
- HIV associated epigenetic trends and chronic diseases: insights into the hidden burden of chronic infection.Clinical epigenetics · 2026Review
- Emerging biomarkers for early detection of aplastic anemia in HIV: A narrative review.Medicine · 2026Review
- HIF-1 Targeting Intervention Renders Protection From Alzheimer's-Like Pathology in a Humanized Mice Model of HIV Infection.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2025Article
- Persistent type I interferon signaling within the brain of people with HIV on ART with cognitive impairment.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Prospective Neuropsychological and Plasma Biomarker Changes in Treatment-Naïve People Living with HIV After Antiretroviral Treatment Initiation.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Article
- HIV protein Nef expression in human microglia drives the release of distinct Nef-containing extracellular vesicles.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2025Article
- Mu opioid receptor activation in microglia enhances HIV-1 infection and HIV-infection-induced inflammatory responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Nef is a key player in neuroinflammation and myelin impairment associated with neuroHIV.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Structural and Functional Dysregulation of the Brain Endothelium in HIV Infection and Substance Abuse.Cells · 2024Review
- Understanding early HIV-1 rebound dynamics following antiretroviral therapy interruption: The importance of effector cell expansion.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The prevalence of the most severe forms of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) is decreasing due to worldwide availability and high efficacy of antiretroviral treatment (ART). However, several grades of HIV-related cognitive impairment persist with effective ART and remain a clinical concern for people with HIV (PWH). The pathogenesis of these cognitive impairments has yet to be fully understood and probably multifactorial. In PWH with undetectable peripheral HIV-RNA, the presence of viral escapes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) might explain a proportion of cases, but not all. Many other mechanisms have been hypothesized to be involved in disease progression, in order to identify possible therapeutic targets. As potential indicators of disease staging and progression, numerous biomarkers have been used to characterize and implicate chronic inflammation in the pathogenesis of neuronal injuries, such as certain phenotypes of activated monocytes/macrophages, in the context of persistent immune activation. Despite none of them being disease-specific, the correlation of several CSF cellular biomarkers to HIV-induced neuronal damage has been investigated. Furthermore, recent studies have been evaluating specific microRNA (miRNA) profiles in the CSF of PWH with neurocognitive impairment (NCI). The aim of the present study is to review the body of evidence on different biomarkers use in research and clinical settings, focusing on PWH on ART with undetectable plasma HIV-RNA.
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