Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31427752›Full record

SynthesisMolecular psychiatry2020

Peripheral cytokine levels and response to antidepressant treatment in depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Jia Jia Liu, Ya Bin Wei, Rebecca Strawbridge, Yanping Bao, Suhua Chang, Le Shi, Jianyu Que, Bharathi S Gadad, Madhukar H Trivedi, John R Kelsoe and 1 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Molecular psychiatry, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07740694 (The Relationship Between EEG Microstate Parameters, Neuroinflammatory Biomarkers and Treatment Response in Older Patients With Major Depressive Disorder or Bipolar Disorder Undergoing Electroconvulsive Therapy), which is not on this map. Cited by 217 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
217citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07740694 recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

The Relationship Between EEG Microstate Parameters, Neuroinflammatory Biomarkers and Treatment Response in Older Patients With Major Depressive Disorder or Bipolar Disorder Undergoing Electroconvulsive Therapy

TypeobservationalSponsorIstanbul University - CerrahpasaRan2025 to 2027Enrolled62ConditionsMajor Depression Moderate, Major Depression Severe, Major Depression With Comorbid Anxiety Symptoms, Major Depression With Panic AttacksArmsElectroconvulsive Therapy
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

217 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  18. Neurodegenerative and Cognitive Consequences of Long COVID.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
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157 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Jia Jia Liu *Institute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China.
Ya Bin Wei *Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden.
Rebecca StrawbridgeAffective Disorders Research Group, Centre for Affective Disorders, Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.
Yanping BaoNational Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1881-0939
Suhua ChangInstitute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China.
Le ShiInstitute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China.
Jianyu QueInstitute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China.
Bharathi S GadadDepartment of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA.
Madhukar H TrivediCenter for Depression Research and Clinical Care, Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2983-1110
John R KelsoeDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA. jkelsoe@ucsd.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3013-2333
Lin LuInstitute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China. linlu@bjmu.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Predicting antidepressant treatment response has been a clinical challenge for major depressive disorder (MDD). The inflammation hypothesis of depression suggests that cytokines play a key role in the pathophysiology of MDD and alterations in peripheral cytokine levels are associated with antidepressant treatment outcome. Present meta-analysis aimed to examine the association between baseline peripheral cytokine levels and the response to antidepressant treatment and to evaluate whether changes of cytokine levels were associated with the response to antidepressant treatment in patients with MDD. Human-based studies published in any language in peer-reviewed journals were systematically searched from the PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases, from inception up to October 2018. The search terms included cytokine, depressive disorder and antidepressant and their synonyms. Case-control or case-case studies reporting on levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, CRP, TNF-α, IFN-γ, GM-CSF, MIP-1α, and Eotaxin-1 in patients with MDD based on validated depression scales both before and after antidepressant treatment were included. Of 7408 identified records, 44 studies met inclusion. Standardized mean differences in each cytokine were evaluated, and random-effects meta-analyses were performed. MDD patients who responded to antidepressant treatment had lower baseline IL-8 levels than the nonresponders (Hedge's g = -0.28; 95%CI, -0.43 to -0.13; P = 0.0003; FDR = 0.004). Antidepressant treatment significantly decreased levels of TNF-α (Hedge's g = 0.60; 95%CI, 0.26-0.94; P = 0.0006; FDR = 0.004) only in responders, and responders showed significantly more decreased TNF-α levels compared with nonresponders (P = 0.046). These findings suggested that alterations in peripheral cytokine levels were associated with antidepressant treatment outcomes in MDD. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate sources of heterogeneity and examine the potentiality of using inflammatory cytokines as novel predictive markers for the pharmacological treatment of MDD.

Indexed as

Antidepressive AgentsBiomarkers, PharmacologicalCytokinesDepressionHumansInflammationMajor Depressive DisorderTreatment OutcomeAntidepressive AgentsBiomarkers, PharmacologicalCytokines

Identifiers

PMID31427752

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.