Trial reportProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2019
Awakening: Predicting external stimulation to force transitions between different brain states.
Trial report in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 129 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
129 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 284 citations in OpenAlex.
- Synergistic, multi-level understanding of psychedelics: three systematic reviews and meta-analyses of their pharmacology, neuroimaging and phenomenology.Translational psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- State-of-the-Art Sensors for Remote Care of People with Dementia during a Pandemic: A Systematic Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Pooled it
- Sharp and smooth state transitions during resting state brain dynamics.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Deep Brain Stimulation for Disorders of Consciousness: From Mesocircuit Mechanisms to Circuit-Guided Precision Neuromodulation.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Review
- Dynamic Repertoire of Brain Networks in Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy During Rumination: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Article
- Thermodynamics of consciousness: Non-equilibrium brain dynamics track conscious states.Cell reports · 2026Article
- A personalized map of where, when, and how to stimulate the brain to elicit controlled responses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Modeled Long-Term Effects of Psilocybin on Dynamic Activity and Effective Connectivity of Fronto-Striatal-Thalamic Circuits.Human brain mapping · 2026Article
- Energy-Based Phase-Locking State Analysis in Brain State Identification.Human brain mapping · 2026Article
- A multi-frequency whole-brain neural mass model with homeostatic feedback inhibition.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Neuromodulation-induced normalization of cortical metastable dynamics signatures in Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- Competitive interactions shape mammalian brain network dynamics and computation.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Hierarchical whole-brain modeling of critical synchronization dynamics in the human brain.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Digital twin brain reveals state-specific stimulation targets for abnormal brain dynamics in tinnitus.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Psychedelic 5-HT2A agonist increases spontaneous and evoked 5-Hz oscillations in visual and retrosplenial cortex.Communications biology · 2026Article
- The turbulent brain: Modeling vortex interactions for understanding human cognition.Network neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Brain function in language and associated networks in non- or minimally verbal children.Brain communications · 2026Article
- Energy landscapes and synergetic state transitions in frustrated Stuart-Landau oscillator networks: a homotopy continuation study.Frontiers in network physiology · 2026Article
- Optimal stochastic tracking control for brain network dynamics.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Disrupted Brain Hierarchical Organization in Alzheimer's Disease Progression.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
69 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A fundamental problem in systems neuroscience is how to force a transition from one brain state to another by external driven stimulation in, for example, wakefulness, sleep, coma, or neuropsychiatric diseases. This requires a quantitative and robust definition of a brain state, which has so far proven elusive. Here, we provide such a definition, which, together with whole-brain modeling, permits the systematic study in silico of how simulated brain stimulation can force transitions between different brain states in humans. Specifically, we use a unique neuroimaging dataset of human sleep to systematically investigate where to stimulate the brain to force an awakening of the human sleeping brain and vice versa. We show where this is possible using a definition of a brain state as an ensemble of "metastable substates," each with a probabilistic stability and occurrence frequency fitted by a generative whole-brain model, fine-tuned on the basis of the effective connectivity. Given the biophysical limitations of direct electrical stimulation (DES) of microcircuits, this opens exciting possibilities for discovering stimulation targets and selecting connectivity patterns that can ensure propagation of DES-induced neural excitation, potentially making it possible to create awakenings from complex cases of brain injury.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.