ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2019
Brief Report: Diagnostic Accuracy of Oral Mucosal Transudate Tests Compared with Blood-Based Rapid Tests for HIV Among Children Aged 18 Months to 18 Years in Kenya and Zimbabwe.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acceptability, feasibility, and effectiveness of caregiver-assisted HIV self-testing among children using an oral mucosal test in Uganda and Zambia: a prospective interventional study.The lancet. HIV · 2025Observational
- Index-Linked Assisted HIV Self-Testing for Children 2-14 Years: Results of a Pilot Evaluation in Ethiopia.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Article
- Delivery of index-linked HIV testing for children: learnings from a qualitative process evaluation of the B-GAP study in Zimbabwe.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Pediatric HIV Pre-test Informational Video is Associated with Higher Knowledge Scores Compared to Counselor-Delivered Information.AIDS and behavior · 2022Article
- A Look Inside: Oral Sampling for Detection of Non-oral Infectious Diseases.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2021Article
- Comparison of index-linked HIV testing for children and adolescents in health facility and community settings in Zimbabwe: findings from the interventional B-GAP study.The lancet. HIV · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 8 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGaps persist in HIV testing for children who were not tested in prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programs. Oral mucosal transudate (OMT) rapid HIV tests have been shown to be highly sensitive in adults, but their performance has not been established in children.
methodsAntiretroviral therapy-naive children aged 18 months to 18 years in Kenya and Zimbabwe were tested for HIV using rapid OraQuick ADVANCE Rapid HIV-1/2 Antibody test on oral fluids (OMT) and blood-based rapid diagnostic testing (BBT). BBT followed Kenyan and Zimbabwean national algorithms. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated using the national algorithms as the reference standard.
resultsA total of 1776 children were enrolled; median age was 7.3 years (interquartile range: 4.7-11.6). Among 71 children positive by BBT, all 71 were positive by OMT (sensitivity: 100% [97.5% confidence interval (CI): 94.9% to 100%]). Among the 1705 children negative by BBT, 1703 were negative by OMT (specificity: 99.9% [95% CI: 99.6% to 100.0%]). Due to discrepant BBT and OMT results, 2 children who initially tested BBT-negative and OMT-positive were subsequently confirmed positive within 1 week by further tests. Excluding these 2 children, the sensitivity and specificity of OMT compared with those of BBT were each 100% (97.5% CI: 94.9% to 100% and 99.8% to 100%, respectively).
conclusionsCompared to national algorithms, OMT did not miss any HIV-positive children. These data suggest that OMTs are valid in this age range. Future research should explore the acceptability and uptake of OMT by caregivers and health workers to increase pediatric HIV testing coverage.
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