ReviewAsia-Pacific journal of ophthalmology (Philadelphia, Pa.)
Myopia: Anatomic Changes and Consequences for Its Etiology.
Review in Asia-Pacific journal of ophthalmology (Philadelphia, Pa.). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04666870 (Shanghai Guanghua Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China), which is not on this map. Cited by 63 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Shanghai Guanghua Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Guanghua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- Correlation between refractive errors and ocular biometric parameters in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC ophthalmology · 2023Pooled it
- Association Between Extrafoveal Paravascular Retinoschisis and Central Retinal Vessel Trunk Dragging in High Myopia.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Layer-Specific Associations of Axial Length With Retinal and Choroidal Thickness: A Nationally Representative Population-Based Study.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Retinal Response to Low-Level Red-Light Therapy in Myopic and Non-Myopic Eyes Assessed Using Global Flash Multifocal Electroretinogram.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Short-Term Effects of Low-Level Red-Light Therapy on Central Retinal Function: A Combined Pattern ERG and Photopic ERG Study.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Stereophotographic Assessment of Intraocular Pressure Reduction in Myopic Eyes with Glaucoma-Compatible Optic Neuropathy.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Article
- Shaping the future of myopia: artificial intelligence for vitreoretinal complications of high and pathologic myopia.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Review
- S-Cone Retinal Pathway Dysfunction in Myopia.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Effect of Low-Concentration Atropine Eye Drops on Parapapillary Gamma Zone Development and Enlargement over 3 Years: The LAMP Study.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of Low-Dose Atropine (0.01% to 0.05%) in Reducing Myopia Progression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Quantitative analysis of choroidal and retinal thickness and blood flow in a rat model of lens-induced myopia using OCTA.PloS one · 2026Article
- REECAP: Contrastive learning of retinal aging reveals genetic loci linking morphology to eye disease.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- The correlation between myopia severity and stress-strain index (SSI) using the Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Technology (Corvis ST).Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Differential Effects of Corneal Biomechanics on Superficial and Deep Vessel Density and Their Association with Central Visual Function in Glaucoma Patients with Myopia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Clinical characteristics and risk factors of ocular hypertension: a case-control study.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Association of Optic Nerve Head Metrics and Parapapillary Gamma Zone With Myopia Onset and Progression in Children: The Hong Kong Children Eye Study.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Myopic-Net: Deep Learning-Based Direct Identification of Myopia Onset and Progression.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Efficacy of naked-eye 3D technology in mitigating myopia progression among children.Translational pediatrics · 2025Article
- Morphology and incidence of drusen-like deposits in peripheral retina of eyes with high myopia.Eye (London, England) · 2025Observational
- The Associations Between Myopia and Fundus Tessellation in School Children: A Comparative Analysis of Macular and Peripapillary Regions Using Deep Learning.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The process of emmetropization is the adjustment of the length of the optical axis to the given optical properties of the cornea and lens after the end of the second year of life. Up to the end of the second year of life, the eye grows spherically. Axial elongation in the process of emmetropization after the second year of life is associated with a thinning of the retina and a reduced density of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells in the equatorial and retroequatorial region, and a thinning of the choroid and sclera, starting at the equator and being most marked at the posterior pole. In contrast, retinal thickness and RPE density in the macular region and thickness of Bruch membrane (BM) in any region are independent of axial length. It led to the hypothesis that axial elongation occurs by the production of additional BM in the equatorial and retroequatorial region leading to a decreased RPE density and retinal thinning in that region and a more tube-like than spherical enlargement of the globe, without compromise in the density of the macular RPE cells and in macular retinal thickness. The increased disc-fovea distance in axially myopic eyes is caused by the development and enlargement of parapapillary, BM-free, gamma zone, whereas the length of macular BM, and indirectly macular RPE cell density, and macular retinal thickness, remain constant.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.