ArticleBMJ open gastroenterology2019
Case report and literature review of auto-brewery syndrome: probably an underdiagnosed medical condition.
Article in BMJ open gastroenterology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut fermentation syndrome: A systematic review of case reports.United European gastroenterology journal · 2021Pooled it
- Homemade Microbrew: Auto-brewery Syndrome in a Patient with Crohn's Disease.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Article
- Gut microbial ethanol metabolism contributes to auto-brewery syndrome in an observational cohort.Nature microbiology · 2026Observational
- Article
- Recent advances in alcohol metabolism: from the gut to the brain.Physiological reviews · 2025Review
- Autobrewery Syndrome and Endogenous Ethanol Production in Patients with MASLD: A Perspective from Chronic Liver Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Endogenous Ethanol Production in the Human Alimentary Tract: A Literature Review.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025Review
- Dysbiosis of Oral Microbiome: A Key Player in Oral Carcinogenesis? A Critical Review.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Article
- Endogenous ethanol production in health and disease.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2024Review
- Auto-brewery syndrome in a 50-year-old woman.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2024Article
- Auto-Brewery Syndrome After COVID-19 Infection.ACG case reports journal · 2024Article
- Gut and bladder fermentation syndromes: a narrative review.BMC medicine · 2024Review
- Understanding Auto-Brewery Syndrome in 2023: A Clinical and Comprehensive Review of a Rare Medical Condition.Cureus · 2023Review
- Ethanol Metabolism and Melanoma.Cancers · 2023Review
- Article
- Xenobiotic-Induced Aggravation of Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- The promise of the gut microbiome as part of individualized treatment strategies.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2022Review
- The Auto-Brewery Syndrome: A Perfect Metabolic "Storm" with Clinical and Forensic Implications.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Case Report: Diabetic urinary auto-brewery and review of literature.F1000Research · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Auto-brewery syndrome (ABS), also known as gut fermentation syndrome, is a rarely diagnosed medical condition in which the ingestion of carbohydrates results in endogenous alcohol production. The patient in this case report had fungal yeast forms in the upper small bowel and cecum, which likely fermented carbohydrates to alcohol. Treatment with antifungal agents allowed subsequent ingestion of carbohydrates without symptoms. He had been exposed to a prolonged course of antibiotics before this occurred. We postulate that the antibiotic altered his gut microbiome, allowing fungal growth. This diagnosis should be considered in any patient with positive manifestations of alcohol toxicity who denies alcohol ingestion. The aim of this case report was confirmation and treatment of ABS using a standardised carbohydrate challenge test followed by upper and lower endoscopy to obtain intestinal secretions to detect fungal growth. These fungi were speciated and antifungal sensitivity performed. This allowed the use of appropriate therapy. The patient was kept on a carbohydrate-free diet during the initial 6-week period of therapy. A single-strain probiotic for competitive inhibition of fungal growth was given to the patient. This probiotic was later replaced by a multistrain bacterial probiotic hoping that the multiple bacteria would inhibit fungi better than a single-strain. The beneficial role of probiotics in this condition has not been studied. The patient was rechallenged for endogenous alcohol production prior to reintroducing carbohydrates in his diet.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.