Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31422500›Full record

ArticleMetabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society2019

Metabolomic study on bleomycin and polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate-induced pulmonary fibrosis mice models.

Chan Seo, Sung-Hwan Kim, Hyeon-Seong Lee, Moongi Ji, Jeuk Min, Young-Jin Son, In-Hyeon Kim, Kyuhong Lee, Man-Jeong Paik

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. The Extract ofFood science & nutrition · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Altered Metabolism in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.Journal of cellular physiology · 2025
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Diesel-derived PMFrontiers in endocrinology · 2022
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Chan SeoCollege of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-950, Republic of Korea.
Sung-Hwan KimNational Center for Efficacy Evaluation of Respiratory Disease Product, Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup-si, 56212, Republic of Korea.
Hyeon-Seong LeeCollege of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-950, Republic of Korea.
Moongi JiCollege of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-950, Republic of Korea.
Jeuk MinCollege of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-950, Republic of Korea.
Young-Jin SonCollege of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-950, Republic of Korea.
In-Hyeon KimNational Center for Efficacy Evaluation of Respiratory Disease Product, Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup-si, 56212, Republic of Korea.
Kyuhong LeeNational Center for Efficacy Evaluation of Respiratory Disease Product, Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup-si, 56212, Republic of Korea. khleekit@gmail.com.
Man-Jeong PaikCollege of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, 540-950, Republic of Korea. paik815@sunchon.ac.kr.ORCID 0000-0003-1654-3133
Sunchon National University · KRKorea Institute of Toxicology · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPolyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG) has been used as a disinfectant and biocide, and was known to be harmless and non-toxic. However, in 2011, PHMG used as a humidifier disinfectant was reported to be associated with lung diseases, such as, fibrosis in the toxicant studies on pulmonary fibrosis by PHMG. However, no metabolomics study has been performed in PHMG-induced mouse models of pulmonary fibrosis.

objectivesWe performed a metabolomic study to understand the biochemical events that occur in bleomycin (BLM)- and PHMG-induced mouse models of pulmonary fibrosis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), LC-tandem MS, and GC-tandem MS.

resultsThe levels of 61 metabolites of 30 amino acids, 13 organic acids, 12 fatty acids, 5 polyamines, and oxidized glutathione were determined in the pulmonary tissues of mice with BLM- and PHMG-induced pulmonary fibrosis and in normal controls. Principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis used to compare level of these 61 metabolites in pulmonary tissues. Levels of metabolites were significantly different in the BLM and PHMG groups as compared with the control group. In particular, the BLM- and PHMG-induced pulmonary fibrosis models showed elevated collagen synthesis and oxidative stress and metabolic disturbance of TCA related organic acids including fumaric acid by NADPH oxidase. In addition, polyamine metabolism showed severe alteration in the PHMG group than that of the BLM group.

conclusionThis result suggests PHMG will be able to induce pulmonary fibrosis by arginine metabolism and NADPH oxidase signaling.

Indexed as

Disease Models, AnimalMetabolomicsAnimalsBleomycinChromatography, GasChromatography, LiquidGuanidinesMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLPulmonary FibrosisTandem Mass SpectrometryBleomycinGuanidinespolyhexamethyleneguanidineBleomycinMetabolic profiling analysisMetabolomicsPolyhexamethylene guanidine phosphatePulmonary fibrosisTandem mass spectrometry

Identifiers

PMID31422500
OpenAlexW2968075187

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.