ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2019
Emergent Polymyxin Resistance: End of an Era?
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rate of polymyxin resistance among Acinetobacter baumannii recovered from hospitalized patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2020Pooled it
- Disruption ofVirulence · 2026Article
- Effect of polymyxin resistance evolution on the fitness costs of Acinetobacter baumannii and the underlying mechanisms of polymyxin resistance.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Beyond β-Lactams: Defining the Role of Eravacycline in Multidrug-Resistant and Metallo-β-Lactamase-Producing Infections.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Peptoid-based antimicrobial strategies against polymyxin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.Journal of applied microbiology · 2026Article
- Polymyxin heteroresistance inJournal of medical microbiology · 2026Article
- Burden of antimicrobial resistance in the WHO Southeast Asia and Western Pacific Regions, 1990-2021: a cross-country systematic analysis with forecasts to 2050.Military Medical Research · 2026Article
- Retro-inversion imparts antimycobacterial specificity to host defense peptides.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Identification ofInternational journal of microbiology · 2025Article
- Evaluation of risk factors and outcome of patients with polymyxin-resistant critical pathogens gram-negative bacilli in Hospital Kuala Lumpur.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2025Article
- Transcriptomic investigations of polymyxins and colistin/sulbactam combination against carbapenem-resistantComputational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- Metabolic profiling unveils enhanced antibacterial synergy of polymyxin B and teixobactin against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Rapid colorimetric polymyxin B microelution directly from positive blood bottles: because patients with serious infections should not have to wait for results of culture-based methodologies.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2024Article
- Unraveling the gut microbiota of Mexican pinnipeds: the dominance of life histories over phylogeny.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- Recent advances in the development of antimicrobial peptides against ESKAPE pathogens.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Polymyxins with Potent Antibacterial Activity against Colistin-Resistant Pathogens: Fine-Tuning Hydrophobicity with Unnatural Amino Acids.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2024Article
- β-lactam-induced OMV release promotes polymyxin tolerance inFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Total Synthesis of the Reported Structure of Cahuitamycin A: Insights into an Elusive Natural Product Scaffold.Organic letters · 2023Article
- Synergistic effects of polymyxin and vancomycin combinations on carbapenem- and polymyxin-resistantMicrobiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Antibiotic persistence and its impact on the environment.3 Biotech · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Until recently, the polymyxin antibiotics were sparingly used due to dose limiting toxicities. However, the lack of therapeutic alternatives for infections caused by highly resistant Gram-negative bacteria has led to the increased use of the polymyxins. Unfortunately, in the last decade the world has witnessed increased rates of polymyxin resistance, which is likely in part due to its irrational use in human and veterinary medicine. The spread of polymyxin-resistance has been aided by the dissemination of the transferable polymyxin-resistance gene, mcr, in humans and the environment. The mortality of colistin-resistant bacteria infections varies in different reports. However, poor clinical outcome was associated with prior colistin treatment, illness severity, complications and multidrug resistance. Detection of polymyxin-resistance in the clinic is possible through multiple robust and practical tests including broth microdilution susceptibility testing, chromogenic agar testing, and molecular biology assays. There are multiple risk factors that increase a person's risk for infection with a polymyxin-resistant bacteria including age, prior colistin treatment, hospitalization and ventilator support. For patients that are determined to be infected by polymyxin-resistant bacteria, various antibiotic treatment options currently exist. The rising trend of polymyxin-resistance threatens patient care and warrants an effective control.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.