ReviewHormones and behavior2020
How research on female vertebrates contributes to an expanded challenge hypothesis.
Review in Hormones and behavior, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex and breeding stage differences in neurogenomic profiles reflect hormone signaling in a socially polyandrous shorebird.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Organizational effects of testosterone on the number of mating partners and reproductive success in females of a social rodent.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Repeated behavioural evolution is associated with convergence of gene expression in cavity-nesting songbirds.Nature ecology & evolution · 2025Article
- Brain transcriptomics of a social challenge and maternal aggression in incubating female tree swallows.Hormones and behavior · 2025Article
- Estrogen profiling in blood and brain: Effects of season and an aggressive interaction in a songbird.PloS one · 2025Article
- Captivity-associated variations in fecal testosterone and progesterone metabolite concentrations in mountain gazelle (Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Infanticide is driven by unfamiliarity with offspring location and associated with androgenic shifts in mimic poison frogs.Hormones and behavior · 2024Article
- Infanticide is driven by unfamiliarity with offspring location and associated with androgenic shifts in mimic poison frogs.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Activation of androgen receptor-expressing neurons in the posterior medial amygdala is associated with stress resistance in dominant male hamsters.Hormones and behavior · 2024Article
- An Aggressive Interaction Rapidly Increases Brain Androgens in a Male Songbird during the Non-breeding Season.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024Article
- Sex differences in dominance relationships in Syrian hamsters.Physiology & behavior · 2023Article
- Dominance status modulates activity in medial amygdala cells with projections to the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis.Behavioural brain research · 2023Article
- Sex and seasonal differences in neural steroid sensitivity predict territorial aggression in Siberian hamsters.Hormones and behavior · 2023Article
- Neuroendocrine mechanisms contributing to the coevolution of sociality and communication.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2023Review
- Bidirectional relationships between testosterone and aggression: a critical analysis of four predictions.Integrative and comparative biology · 2022Article
- Inter-annual repeatability and age-dependent changes in plasma testosterone levels in a longitudinally monitored free-living passerine bird.Oecologia · 2022Article
- Beyond a biased binary: A perspective on the misconceptions, challenges, and implications of studying females in avian behavioral endocrinology.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Experimental competition induces immediate and lasting effects on the neurogenome in free-living female birds.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- "International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- The neurogenomic transition from territory establishment to parenting in a territorial female songbird.BMC genomics · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The bi-directional links between hormones and behavior have been a rich area of research for decades. Theory on the evolution of testosterone (T) was greatly advanced by the challenge hypothesis, which presented a framework for understanding interspecific, seasonal, and social variation in T levels in males, and how they are shaped by the competing demands of parental care and male-male competition. Female competition is also widespread in nature, although it is less clear whether or how the challenge hypothesis applies to females. Here, we evaluate this issue in four parts: (1) We summarize and update prior analyses of seasonal plasticity and interspecific variation in T in females. (2) We evaluate experimental links between T and female aggression on shorter timescales, asking how T manipulations affect aggression and conversely, how social manipulations affect T levels in female mammals, birds, lizards, and fishes. (3) We examine alternative mechanisms that may link aggression to the social environment independently of T levels in circulation. (4) We present a case study, including new data analyses, in an aggressive female bird (the tree swallow, Tachycineta bicolor) to explore how variation in tissue-level processing of T may bridge the gap between circulating T and variation in behavior that is visible to natural selection. We close by connecting these multivariate levels of sex steroid signaling systems alongside different temporal scales (social, seasonal, and evolutionary) to generate broadly applicable insights into how animals respond to their social environment, regardless of whether they are male or female.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.