ArticleInternational journal of geriatric psychiatry2019
Cognitive resilience among APOE ε4 carriers in the oldest old.
Article in International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beneficial Effect of Societal Factors on APOE-ε2 and ε4 Carriers' Brain Health: A Systematic Review.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Air pollution is linked to divergent cortical thickness patterns in brain regions vulnerable to Alzheimer's disease.Neurotoxicology · 2026Article
- Machine learning in Alzheimer's disease genetics.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Proteomic analysis of APOEε4 carriers implicates lipid metabolism, complement and lymphocyte signaling in cognitive resilience.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2024Article
- Associations of dietary cholesterol and fat, blood lipids, and risk for dementia in older women vary by APOE genotype.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2023Article
- Quantitative estimate of cognitive resilience and its medical and genetic associations.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2023Article
- Gender specific factors contributing to cognitive resilience in APOE ɛ4 positive older adults in a population-based sample.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Understanding the molecular basis of resilience to Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- Differential protein expression in the hippocampi of resilient individuals identified by digital spatial profiling.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2022Article
- Kidney-Metabolic Factors Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Pilot Study.American journal of nephrology · 2022Article
- Diagnosis and Management of Cognitive Concerns in the Oldest-Old.Current treatment options in neurology · 2021Review
- Association between Apoϵ4 allele and cardiometabolic and social risk factors with cognitive impairment in elderly population from Bogota.Dementia & neuropsychologiaArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesRelatively few APOE ε4+ carriers survive to old age (age 80+) without cognitive impairment (CI); thus, little is known about distinguishing characteristics of resilient APOE ε4+ carriers. Herein, we describe the sociodemographic characteristics of a large sample of resilient APOE ε4+ women from the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS) and compare them to noncarriers and APOE ε4+ women who developed CI before age 80.
methodsWomen were recruited for clinical trials evaluating postmenopausal hormone therapy and incidence of dementia. During posttrial follow-up, cognitive status was adjudicated annually. Among 5716 women, we compared groups by APOE ε4 status using logistic regression, covarying for treatment, demographics, lifestyle, cardiovascular and physical function, well-being, and self-rated general health.
resultsAmong 557 APOE ε4+ women, those who survived to age 80+ without CI had higher baseline self-rated general health (odds ratio [OR]: 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-1.04) and cognitive scores (OR: 1.18; 95% CI, 1.12-1.25) than those who did not reach age 80 without CI. Baseline high total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were similar across APOE ε4+ groups but were higher compared with APOE ε4- women. Among women who survived to 80+ without CI, more APOE ε4+ women had a history of high total cholesterol (P = .003) and LDL cholesterol (OR: 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00-1.01). There were no differences in hypertension, diabetes, or other vascular risk factors in APOE ε4+ women compared with noncarriers.
conclusionsResults highlight the importance of baseline cognitive function and general health for late-life cognition among ε4+ women.
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