ReviewBiomacromolecules2020
Polyampholytes as Emerging Macromolecular Cryoprotectants.
Review in Biomacromolecules, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cryopreservation of Avian Erythrocytes Using Macromolecular Cryoprotectants.ACS polymers Au · 2026Article
- Engineering Polyampholytes for Energy Storage Devices: Conductivity, Selectivity, and Durability.Polymers · 2025Review
- Advances in Cryopreservation Strategies for 3D Biofabricated Constructs: From Hydrogels to Bioprinted Tissues.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Cryopreservation of human lung tissue for 3D ex vivo analysis.Respiratory research · 2025Review
- A novel cryopreservation solution for adipose tissue based on metformin.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Article
- Induced Extracellular Ice Nucleation Protects Cocultured Spheroid Interior and Exterior during Cryopreservation.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2025Article
- Review
- Polyelectrolytes Are Effective Cryoprotectants for Extracellular Vesicles.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2024Article
- Studies on Sorption and Release of Doxycycline Hydrochloride from Zwitterionic Microparticles with Carboxybetaine Moieties.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Screening of Hydrophilic Polymers Reveals Broad Activity in Protecting Phages during Cryopreservation.Biomacromolecules · 2024Article
- Cryopreservation of assay-ready hepatocyte monolayers by chemically-induced ice nucleation: preservation of hepatic function and hepatotoxicity screening capabilities.Biomaterials science · 2023Article
- Post-thaw application of ROCK-inhibitors increases cryopreserved T-cell yield.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2023Article
- Proline pre-conditioning of Jurkat cells improves recovery after cryopreservation.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2023Article
- Proline-conditioning and chemically-programmed ice nucleation protects spheroids during cryopreservation.Chemical communications (Cambridge, England) · 2023Article
- Article
- Cryopreservation of Liver-Cell Spheroids with Macromolecular Cryoprotectants.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2023Article
- Incorporate delivery, warming and washing methods into efficient cryopreservation.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Synthesis of Poly(2-(methylsulfinyl)ethyl methacrylate) via Oxidation of Poly(2-(methylthio)ethyl methacrylate): Evaluation of the Sulfoxide Side Chain on Cryopreservation.ACS polymers Au · 2022Article
- Assay-ready Cryopreserved Cell Monolayers Enabled by Macromolecular Cryoprotectants.Biomacromolecules · 2022Article
- Degradable Polyampholytes from Radical Ring-Opening Copolymerization Enhance Cellular Cryopreservation.ACS macro letters · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cellular cryopreservation is a platform technology which underpins cell biology, biochemistry, biomaterials, diagnostics, and the cold chain for emerging cell-based therapies. This technique relies on effective methods for banking and shipping to avoid the need for continuous cell culture. The most common method to achieve cryopreservation is to use large volumes of organic solvent cryoprotective agents which can promote either a vitreous (ice free) phase or dehydrate and protect the cells. These methods are very successful but are not perfect: not all cell types can be cryopreserved and recovered, and the cells do not always retain their phenotype and function post-thaw. This Perspective will introduce polyampholytes as emerging macromolecular cryoprotective agents and demonstrate they have the potential to impact a range of fields from cell-based therapies to basic cell biology and may be able to improve, or replace, current solvent-based cryoprotective agents. Polyampholytes have been shown to be remarkable (mammalian cell) cryopreservation enhancers, but their mechanism of action is unclear, which may include membrane protection, solvent replacement, or a yet unknown protective mechanism, but it seems the modulation of ice growth (recrystallization) may only play a minor role in their function, unlike other macromolecular cryoprotectants. This Perspective will discuss their synthesis and summarize the state-of-the-art, including hypotheses of how they function, to introduce this exciting area of biomacromolecular science.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.