ArticlePublic health action2019
Costs and operation management of community outreach program for tuberculosis in tribal populations in India.
Article in Public health action, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tuberculosis screening costs and cost-effectiveness in high-risk groups: a systematic review.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Article
- Implementation costs and cost-effectiveness of ultraportable chest X-ray with artificial intelligence in active case finding for tuberculosis in Nigeria.PLOS digital health · 2025Article
- Costs and cost-effectiveness of community health worker programs focussed on HIV, TB and malaria infectious diseases in low- and middle-income countries (2015-2024): A scoping literature review.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Determining the value of TB active case-finding: current evidence and methodological considerations.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2021Article
- Framework for planning and monitoring active TB case finding interventions to meet the global targets in the COVID-19 era and beyond: South-East Asia perspective.PLOS global public health · 2021Review
- Trade-offs between cost and accuracy in active case finding for tuberculosis: A dynamic modelling analysis.PLoS medicine · 2020Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate costs of an active case finding (ACF) program with tuberculosis (TB) treatment delivery and monitoring, which targeted a rural tribal population in India.
methodA time and motion study was conducted to evaluate operations and workload. Costs from the program perspective were assessed using both the bottom-up and top-down costing methods, exclusive of routine TB care costs. The impact of ACF on routine TB laboratory workloads was measured based on the changes in available staff time per smear at nine designated microscopy centers before and after program implementation.
resultsA majority (53.2%) of the community health-care worker's time was spent in traveling to communities, with an average of 22 TB patients (95% CI 19.14-24.94) seen per day per person. Costs (at 2015 $US rates) were US$1.85-US$2.42 per patient screened and submitting sputum, US$2.51-US$4.74 per person diagnosed with TB, and US$22.52-US$34.13 per TB patient completing treatment. Total smear volumes increased significantly after the ACF program, with more than a 15% reduction in available staff time per sputum smear test in most laboratories.
conclusionThis low-cost, ACF program has the potential to be highly cost-effective in addressing gaps in TB care problems in rural India.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.