ReviewFrontiers in immunology2019
Limitations and Off-Target Effects of Tryptophan-Related IDO Inhibitors in Cancer Treatment.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 130 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigating the Role of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Chicken IDO2 and TDO2: Biochemical Characteristics and Regulatory Roles in Avian Tryptophan Metabolism and Inflammatory Response.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Tryptophan metabolites 3-hydroxykynurenine (3HK) and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3HAA) increase oxidative stress and impair osteoblastic bone formation.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- IDO family: the metabolic crossroads connecting immunity, nerves and tumors.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Immunogenicity of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived smooth muscle cells results from a reduction in the expression of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO-1).Regenerative medicine · 2026Article
- Neurochemical Insights into the Role of Tryptophan Metabolites and Kynurenine Pathway in Insomnia and its Psychological and Neurological Comorbidities.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Innovations in cancer treatment as novel potential and the myth of personalized vaccines, immunotherapy, CRISPR/Cas9, and bacteriotherapy as promising therapeutic strategies.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Ketogenic diet for infantile epileptic spasms.Epilepsia open · 2025Article
- Immunometabolism: The role of gut-derived microbial metabolites in optimising immune response during checkpoint inhibitor therapy.Clinical and translational medicine · 2025Review
- Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Hydroxyamidine Derivatives as Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 Inhibitors.ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2025Article
- Quinoline Quest: Kynurenic Acid Strategies for Next-Generation Therapeutics via Rational Drug Design.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Targeting emerging amino acid dependencies and transporters in cancer therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Engineering bacteria for cancer immunotherapy by inhibiting IDO activity and reprogramming CD8+ T cell response.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic significance of Tryptophan Metabolism and signaling in cancer.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Blocking Tryptophan Catabolism Reduces Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Invasive Capacity.Cancer research communications · 2024Article
- Enhancing radiotherapy response via intratumoral injection of a TLR9 agonist in autochthonous murine sarcomas.JCI insight · 2024Article
- FLI1 promotes IFN-γ-induced kynurenine production to impair anti-tumor immunity.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Targeted pH-Activated Peptide-Based Nanomaterials for Combined Photodynamic Therapy with Immunotherapy.Biomacromolecules · 2024Article
- Exploring a repurposed candidate with dual hIDO1/hTDO2 inhibitory potential for anticancer efficacy identified through pharmacophore-based virtual screening and in vitro evaluation.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Therapeutic effects of in vivo administration of an inhibitor of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (680c91) for the treatment of fibroids: a preclinical study.Fertility and sterility · 2024Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Immunooncology is still a growing area in cancer therapy. Drugs within this therapeutic approach do not directly target/attack the tumor but interfere with immune checkpoints and target or reprogram key metabolic pathways critical for anti-cancer immune defense. Indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and the tryptophan (TRP)-kynurenine pathway were identified as critical mechanisms in cancer immune escape and their inhibition as an approach with promising therapeutic potential. Particularly, a multitude of IDO1 inhibiting tryptophan analogs are widely applied in several clinical trials. However, this therapy results in a variety of implications for the patient's physiology. This is not only due to the inhibition of an enzyme important in almost every organ and tissue in the body but also because of the general nature of the inhibitor as an analog of a proteinogenic amino acid as well as the initiation of cellular detoxification known to affect inflammatory pathways. In this review we provide a deeper insight into the physiological consequences of an IDO1 inhibiting therapy based on TRP related molecules. We discuss potential side and off-target effects that contribute to the interpretation of unexpected positive as well as negative results of ongoing or discontinued clinical studies while we also highlight the potential of these inhibitors independent of the IDO1 signaling pathway.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.