ArticleNature communications2019
Evidence of conditioned behavior in amoebae.
Article in Nature communications, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Anticipation of periodic events influences cell motility in amoeba proteus.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Trainable computation in molecular networks.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Exploring the concept of bacterial memory.Nature microbiology · 2025Review
- Plant intelligence dux: a comprehensive rebuttal of Kingsland and Taiz.Protoplasma · 2025Article
- Contiguity in perception: origins in cellular associative computations.Trends in neurosciences · 2024Review
- 3D integral imaging of acoustically trapped objects.Scientific reports · 2024Article
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- Emergence of synchronized multicellular mechanosensing from spatiotemporal integration of heterogeneous single-cell information transfer.Cell systems · 2022Article
- Establishing a High-Throughput Locomotion Tracking Method for Multiple Biological Assessments inCells · 2022Article
- Vitalism and cognition in a conscious universe.Communicative & integrative biology · 2022Article
- Towards the Idea of Molecular Brains.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Bioluminescence and Photoreception in Unicellular Organisms: Light-Signalling in a Bio-Communication Perspective.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Metastasis, an Example of Evolvability.Cancers · 2021Article
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- Awareness and integrated information theory identify plant meristems as sites of conscious activity.Protoplasma · 2021Article
- A slime mold's remembrance of things past.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Associative memory is the main type of learning by which complex organisms endowed with evolved nervous systems respond efficiently to certain environmental stimuli. It has been found in different multicellular species, from cephalopods to humans, but never in individual cells. Here we describe a motility pattern consistent with associative conditioned behavior in the microorganism Amoeba proteus. We use a controlled direct-current electric field as the conditioned stimulus, and a specific chemotactic peptide as the unconditioned stimulus. The amoebae are capable of linking two independent past events, generating persistent locomotion movements that can prevail for 44 min on average. We confirm a similar behavior in a related species, Metamoeba leningradensis. Thus, our results indicate that unicellular organisms can modify their behavior during migration by associative conditioning.
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