ReviewBiomolecules2019
Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation: Physiology, Pathology, and Pharmacology.
Review in Biomolecules, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 211 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
211 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 304 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global hotspots and trends in pre-metastatic niche research: a bibliometric analysis(2005-2024).Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Global research trends and focus on the link between rheumatoid arthritis and neutrophil extracellular traps: a bibliometric analysis from 1985 to 2023.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Activation of AIM2 inflammasome cascade by extracellular trap-laden neutrophil vesicles triggered byGenes & diseases · 2027Article
- Article
- Neutrophils: The Overlooked Regenerative Role in Bone Repair.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- Immunomodulatory effect of stress hormones on porcine neutrophil functions during Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infection.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2026Article
- Differential Regulation of Neutrophil Elastase Release vs. NET Generation After Cardiopulmonary Bypass.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETosis) in gynecologic cancers: from pathogenesis to therapeutic opportunities: a narrative review.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- Neutrophil extracellular traps in osteoporosis: mechanistic links to bone remodeling imbalance and therapeutic perspectives.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Proteomic and Clinical Characterization of Active vs. Quiescent Pterygium With Elevated Thrombospondin-1.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Dual roles of neutrophil extracellular traps in tumors: From pro-metastatic mechanisms to immunotherapeutic strategies (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- Neutrophils and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- scRNA-seq analysis shows neutrophil extracellular traps as drivers of obstruction-induced intestinal damage in rats.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Neutrophil extracellular traps and severe mycoplasma pneumonia: A clinical observational study.Medicine · 2026Observational
- First report on leucocytes cell population data as an applicable test for clinical stratification in people living with HIV.Virus research · 2026Article
- Cannabigerol (CBG) Modulates Neutrophil Activity and Ameliorates Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Risk factors and clinical characteristics of fulminant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children: a retrospective case‒control study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Systemic inflammatory markers predict mortality in autoimmune thyroiditis: threshold-driven risk stratification and prognostic insights from a nationwide cohort.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2026Article
- Computed Tomography Radiomic Signatures Associated With Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Enrichment and First-Pass Outcome in Ischemic Stroke Thrombi.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular Complications of Seasonal Influenza in the Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Era: Epidemiology, Mechanisms, and Clinical Implications.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
151 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), a unique DNA framework decorated with antimicrobial peptides, have been in the scientific limelight for their role in a variety of pathologies ranging from cystic fibrosis to cancer. The formation of NETs, as well as relevant regulatory mechanisms, physiological factors, and pharmacological agents have not been systematically discussed in the context of their beneficial and pathological aspects. Novel forms of NET formation including vital NET formation continue to be uncovered, however, there remain fundamental questions around established mechanisms such as NADPH-oxidase (Nox)-dependent and Nox-independent NET formation. Whether NET formation takes place in the tissue versus the bloodstream, internal factors (e.g. reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and transcription factor activation), and external factors (e.g. alkaline pH and hypertonic conditions), have all been demonstrated to influence specific NET pathways. Elements of neutrophil biology such as transcription and mitochondria, which were previously of unknown significance, have been identified as critical mediators of NET formation through facilitating chromatin decondensation and generating ROS, respectively. While promising therapeutics inhibiting ROS, transcription, and gasdermin D are being investigated, neutrophil phagocytosis plays a critical role in host defense and any therapies targeting NET formation must avoid impairing the physiological functions of these cells. This review summarizes what is known in the many domains of NET research, highlights the most relevant challenges in the field, and inspires new questions that can bring us closer to a unified model of NET formation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.