SynthesisCell host & microbe2019
The Landscape of Genetic Content in the Gut and Oral Human Microbiome.
Synthesis in Cell host & microbe, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 200 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
200 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Diet, Microbes, and Cancer Across the Tree of Life: a Systematic Review.Current nutrition reports · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Trial
- Gut bacteria and their metabolites may influence our decisions, intelligence, cognition, and consciousness.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- The role of gut microbes in production of aromatic carboxaldehydes.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Gut microbial diversity and candidate keystone taxa in Indian tribes: Insights across lifestyle-ecological continuum and health associations.Current research in microbial sciences · 2026Article
- Benchmarking of Reference-Based Tools for Strain-Level Resolution of Plant Microbiome.Molecular ecology resources · 2026Article
- Article
- Microbiome and aging: Trajectories of microbiome age across human ecosystems and their systemic effects.iMeta · 2026Review
- Bacterial Communication: The Possible Role of Quorum Sensing, Quantum Mechanics, and Quantum Tunneling.Metabolites · 2026Review
- The Role of Selected Bacteria in Breast Cancer Initiation and Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Understanding Spaceflight-Induced Oxidative Stress and the Critical Role of Diet and Microbiome.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Immunomodulatory Role of Milk on Gut Microbiota: Implications for Enhancing Oral Vaccine Efficacy.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- The Oral Microbiome Is a Population-Scale Readout of the Exposome, Age, and Systemic Health.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Down-Regulation of Acyloxyacyl Hydrolase Expression in Alzheimer's Disease Impairs LPS Detoxification and Contributes to Brain Pro-Inflammatory Signaling.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Nutritional Modulation of the Gut-Kidney Axis.Nutrients · 2026Review
- The maternal-infant microbiome axis as an epigenetic and immunometabolic orchestrator: redefining early-life programming and precision interventions for lifelong women's and children's health.Infection and immunity · 2026Review
- The Microbiome-Neurodegeneration Interface: Mechanisms, Evidence, and Future Directions.Cells · 2026Review
- Targeting the Gut Microbiota: Mechanistic Investigation of Polyphenol Modulation of the Gut-Brain Axis in Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Precision microbiome medicine and therapeutics: the enabling role of in vitro gut models.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026Review
140 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Despite substantial interest in the species diversity of the human microbiome and its role in disease, the scale of its genetic diversity, which is fundamental to deciphering human-microbe interactions, has not been quantified. Here, we conducted a cross-study meta-analysis of metagenomes from two human body niches, the mouth and gut, covering 3,655 samples from 13 studies. We found staggering genetic heterogeneity in the dataset, identifying a total of 45,666,334 non-redundant genes (23,961,508 oral and 22,254,436 gut) at the 95% identity level. Fifty percent of all genes were "singletons," or unique to a single metagenomic sample. Singletons were enriched for different functions (compared with non-singletons) and arose from sub-population-specific microbial strains. Overall, these results provide potential bases for the unexplained heterogeneity observed in microbiome-derived human phenotypes. One the basis of these data, we built a resource, which can be accessed at https://microbial-genes.bio.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.