Trial reportAmerican journal of public health2019
Causal Language in Health Warning Labels and US Adults' Perception: A Randomized Experiment.
Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph
Trial report in American journal of public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Designing Social Media Health Warnings for Teenagers and Young Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA health forum · 2026Trial
- Message reactance as a mediator of effects of alcohol and cancer risk messages.BMC public health · 2026Trial
- Warning label messages about the cancer risk associated with alcohol: Effects of causal language.Addictive behaviors · 2025Trial
- How Do Behavioral Framing, Linguistic Certainty, and Target Specification Impact Responses to Vaping Prevention Messages?Journal of health communication · 2024Trial
- Designing Effective Alcohol Warnings: Consumer Reactions to Icons and Health Topics.American journal of preventive medicine · 2023Trial
- Identifying Promising Themes for Adolescent Vaping Warnings: A National Experiment.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022Trial
- Influence of the San Francisco, CA, Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Health Warning on Consumer Reactions: Implications for Equity from a Randomized Experiment.Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · 2022Trial
- Developing health and environmental warning messages about red meat: An online experiment.PloS one · 2022Trial
- Designing warnings for sugary drinks: A randomized experiment with Latino parents and non-Latino parents.Preventive medicine · 2021Trial
- Reactions to graphic and text health warnings for cigarettes, sugar-sweetened beverages, and alcohol: An online randomized experiment of US adults.Preventive medicine · 2020Trial
- Alcohol and Cancer Messaging: A Scoping Review.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026Article
- New Alcohol Warnings Outperform the Current U.S. Warning in a National Survey Experiment.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2026Article
- Messages About Tobacco and Alcohol Co-Users.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2025Article
- Article
- Health harms that discourage alcohol consumption: A randomized experiment of warning messages.Addictive behaviors · 2024Article
- Understanding Whether Price Tag Messaging Can Amplify the Benefits of Taxes: An Online Experiment.American journal of preventive medicine · 2024Article
- The "Why" in Mental Health, Stigma, and Addictive Behaviors: Causal Inferences in Applied Settings.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Causal and Associational Language in Observational Health Research: A Systematic Evaluation.American journal of epidemiology · 2022Article
- Alcohol Health Warning Labels: A Rapid Review with Action Recommendations.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Effectiveness of Mental Health Warnings on Tobacco Packaging in People With and Without Common Mental Health Conditions: An Online Randomised Experiment.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Marissa G HallMarissa G. Hall, Anna H. Grummon, and Madeline R. Kameny are with the Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Olivia M. Maynard is with the Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. Desmond Jenson is with the Public Health Law Center, Mitchell Hamline School of Law, St. Paul, MN. Barry M. Popkin is with the Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
Anna H GrummonMarissa G. Hall, Anna H. Grummon, and Madeline R. Kameny are with the Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Olivia M. Maynard is with the Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. Desmond Jenson is with the Public Health Law Center, Mitchell Hamline School of Law, St. Paul, MN. Barry M. Popkin is with the Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
Olivia M MaynardMarissa G. Hall, Anna H. Grummon, and Madeline R. Kameny are with the Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Olivia M. Maynard is with the Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. Desmond Jenson is with the Public Health Law Center, Mitchell Hamline School of Law, St. Paul, MN. Barry M. Popkin is with the Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
Madeline R KamenyMarissa G. Hall, Anna H. Grummon, and Madeline R. Kameny are with the Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Olivia M. Maynard is with the Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. Desmond Jenson is with the Public Health Law Center, Mitchell Hamline School of Law, St. Paul, MN. Barry M. Popkin is with the Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
Desmond JensonMarissa G. Hall, Anna H. Grummon, and Madeline R. Kameny are with the Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Olivia M. Maynard is with the Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. Desmond Jenson is with the Public Health Law Center, Mitchell Hamline School of Law, St. Paul, MN. Barry M. Popkin is with the Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
Barry M PopkinMarissa G. Hall, Anna H. Grummon, and Madeline R. Kameny are with the Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Olivia M. Maynard is with the Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. Desmond Jenson is with the Public Health Law Center, Mitchell Hamline School of Law, St. Paul, MN. Barry M. Popkin is with the Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
Funding
Training & Education Program p294-308P50CA180907 · NCI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI RIBISL, KURT M. · 2013 to 2017
$20.2MPOPULATION STUDIEST32HD007168 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI ELIZABETH A FRANKENBERG · 1985 to 2026
$13.8MCarolina Population CenterR24HD050924 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI MORGAN, SAMUEL PHILIP · 2005 to 2014
$10.0MResearch Services CoreP2CHD050924 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI KAREN B GUZZO · 2015 to 2026
$9.6MCancer Control Education ProgramT32CA057726 · NCI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Melissa B Gilkey, Melissa A. Troester · 2017 to 2026
$3.7MDesigning and Evaluating High-Impact Pictorial Health Warnings for Food ProductsK01HL147713 · NHLBI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI HALL, MARISSA · 2019 to 2023
$738kMedical Research Council MC_UU_00011/7NCI NIH HHS P50 CA180907NCI NIH HHS T32 CA057726NHLBI NIH HHS K01 HL147713NICHD NIH HHS P2C HD050924NICHD NIH HHS R24 HD050924NICHD NIH HHS T32 HD007168
Abstract
PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.
Indexed as
Alcoholic BeveragesLanguageSugar-Sweetened BeveragesTobacco ProductsAdolescentAdultCausalityFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProduct LabelingSocioeconomic FactorsYoung Adult
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
None linked
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.