ArticleScientific reports2019
Airborne transmission may have played a role in the spread of 2015 highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreaks in the United States.
Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 151 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between ambient air pollution and risk of hand, foot, and mouth disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Evaluation of the Collection Efficiency of a Wet-Type Electrostatic Precipitator for Aerosolized Influenza A Virus.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Modeling and assessing Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) spread, epidemiological control measures, and cost.PloS one · 2026Article
- Assessment of biosecurity practices and risk factors for avian influenza outbreaks in commercial poultry farms in Bangladesh.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Avian Influenza Clade 2.3.4.4b: Global Impact and Summary Analysis of Vaccine Trials.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Article
- Strict Biosecurity and Epidemiological Segmentation Enable Partial Culling During a Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Outbreak.Veterinary medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Applying Field and Genomic Epidemiology Methods to Investigate Transmission Networks of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1) in Domestic Poultry in British Columbia, Canada (2022-2023).Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Article
- Analysis of the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of viruses carried by atmospheric PMFrontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Hybrid barn: the switch from a naturally to a mechanically ventilated turkey barn to protect from harmful bioaerosols.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Detection of airborne wild waterbird-derived DNA demonstrates potential for transmission of avian influenza virus via air inlets into poultry houses, the Netherlands, 2021 to 2022.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024Article
- Viral shedding and environmental dispersion of two clade 2.3.4.4b H5 high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses in experimentally infected mule ducks: implications for environmental sampling.Veterinary research · 2024Article
- Quantitative Risk Assessment of Wind-Supported Transmission of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus to Dutch Poultry Farms via Fecal Particles from Infected Wild Birds in the Environment.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Risk of invasive waterfowl interaction with poultry production: Understanding potential for avian pathogen transmission via species distribution models.Ecology and evolution · 2024Article
- Using an adaptive modeling framework to identify avian influenza spillover risk at the wild-domestic interface.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Identifying an Understudied Interface: Preliminary Evaluation of the Use of Retention Ponds on Commercial Poultry Farms by Wild Waterfowl.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2024Article
- Modeling long-distance airborne transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza carried by dust particles.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Negligible risk of surface transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in public transportation.Journal of travel medicine · 2023Article
- Investigations of Histomonosis-Favouring Conditions: A Hypotheses-Generating Case-Series-Study.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Discussion about the Latest Findings on the Possible Relation between Air Particulate Matter and COVID-19.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The unprecedented 2015 outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N2 in the U.S. devastated its poultry industry and resulted in over $3 billion economic impacts. Today HPAI continues eroding poultry operations and disrupting animal protein supply chains around the world. Anecdotal evidence in 2015 suggested that in some cases the AI virus was aerially introduced into poultry houses, as abnormal bird mortality started near air inlets of the infected houses. This study modeled air movement trajectories and virus concentrations that were used to assess the probability or risk of airborne transmission for the 77 HPAI cases in Iowa. The results show that majority of the positive cases in Iowa might have received airborne virus, carried by fine particulate matter, from infected farms within the state (i.e., intrastate) and infected farms from the neighboring states (i.e., interstate). The modeled airborne virus concentrations at the Iowa recipient sites never exceeded the minimal infective doses for poultry; however, the continuous exposure might have increased airborne infection risks. In the worst-case scenario (i.e., maximum virus shedding rate, highest emission rate, and longest half-life), 33 Iowa cases had > 10% (three cases > 50%) infection probability, indicating a medium to high risk of airborne transmission for these cases. Probability of airborne HPAI infection could be affected by farm type, flock size, and distance to previously infected farms; and more importantly, it can be markedly reduced by swift depopulation and inlet air filtration. The research results provide insights into the risk of airborne transmission of HPAI virus via fine dust particles and the importance of preventative and containment strategies such as air filtration and quick depopulation of infected flocks.
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