Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31409714›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2019

Complex dynamics under tension in a high-efficiency frameshift stimulatory structure.

Matthew T J Halma, Dustin B Ritchie, Tonia R Cappellano, Krishna Neupane, Michael T Woodside

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed
6.6field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.

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  7. Structural switching dynamically controls the doubly pseudoknotted Rous sarcoma virus-programmed ribosomal frameshifting element.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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  17. Stem-loop formation drives RNA folding in mechanical unzipping experiments.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Matthew T J HalmaDepartment of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G2E1.
Dustin B RitchieDepartment of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G2E1.
Tonia R CappellanoDepartment of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G2E1.
Krishna NeupaneDepartment of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G2E1.
Michael T WoodsideDepartment of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G2E1 michael.woodside@ualberta.ca.
University of Alberta · CA

Funding

CIHR
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Specific structures in mRNA can stimulate programmed ribosomal frameshifting (PRF). PRF efficiency can vary enormously between different stimulatory structures, but the features that lead to efficient PRF stimulation remain uncertain. To address this question, we studied the structural dynamics of the frameshift signal from West Nile virus (WNV), which stimulates -1 PRF at very high levels and has been proposed to form several different structures, including mutually incompatible pseudoknots and a double hairpin. Using optical tweezers to apply tension to single mRNA molecules, mimicking the tension applied by the ribosome during PRF, we found that the WNV frameshift signal formed an unusually large number of different metastable structures, including all of those previously proposed. From force-extension curve measurements, we mapped 2 mutually exclusive pathways for the folding, each encompassing multiple intermediates. We identified the intermediates in each pathway from length changes and the effects of antisense oligomers blocking formation of specific contacts. Intriguingly, the number of transitions between the different conformers of the WNV frameshift signal was maximal in the range of forces applied by the ribosome during -1 PRF. Furthermore, the occupancy of the pseudoknotted conformations was far too low for static pseudoknots to account for the high levels of -1 PRF. These results support the hypothesis that conformational heterogeneity plays a key role in frameshifting and suggest that transitions between different conformers under tension are linked to efficient PRF stimulation.

Indexed as

Frameshifting, RibosomalFrameshift MutationMicroscopy, Atomic ForceNucleic Acid ConformationRibosomesRNA FoldingRNA, MessengerRNA, ViralStructure-Activity RelationshipWest Nile virusRNA, MessengerRNA, Viralforce spectroscopyprogrammed ribosomal frameshiftingpseudoknotsRNA foldingWest Nile virus

Identifiers

PMID31409714
PMCPMC6765238
OpenAlexW2967006521

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.