Observational studyEuropean journal of neurology2020
Plasma levels of protein C pathway proteins and brain magnetic resonance imaging volumes in multiple sclerosis.
Observational study in European journal of neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tissue factor as a potential coagulative/vascular marker in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Observational
- Thinking outside the box: non-canonical targets in multiple sclerosis.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2022Review
- Hemostasis components in cerebral amyloid angiopathy and Alzheimer's disease.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2021Review
- Thrombin generation and activity in multiple sclerosis.Metabolic brain disease · 2021Review
- Relationships Among Circulating Levels of Hemostasis Inhibitors, Chemokines, Adhesion Molecules, and MRI Characteristics in Multiple Sclerosis.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
background and purposeThe involvement of protein C (PC) pathway components in multiple sclerosis (MS) has scarcely been explored. The aim was to investigate their levels in relation to clinical and neurodegenerative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes in patients.
methodsIn all, 138 MS patients and 42 healthy individuals were studied. PC, protein S (PS) and soluble endothelial protein C receptor (sEPCR) were evaluated by multiplex assays and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Regression analyses between 3 T MRI outcomes and PC pathway components were performed. ancova was used to compare MRI volumes based on protein level quartiles. Partial correlation was assessed amongst levels of PC pathway components and hemostasis protein levels, including soluble thrombomodulin (sTM), heparin cofactor II (HCII), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) and factor XII (FXII). The variation of PC concentration across four time points was evaluated in 32 additional MS patients.
resultsThere was an association between PC concentration, mainly reflecting the zymogen PC, and MRI measures for volumes of total gray matter (GM) (P = 0.003), thalamus (P = 0.007), cortex (P = 0.008), deep GM (P = 0.009) and whole brain (P = 0.026). Patients in the highest PC level quartile were characterized by the lowest GM volumes. Correlations of PC-HCII, PC-FXII and sEPCR-sTM values were detectable in MS patients, whilst PC-PS and PS-PAI-1 correlations were present in healthy individuals only.
conclusionsProtein C plasma concentrations might be associated with neurodegenerative MRI outcomes in MS. Several differences in correlation amongst protein plasma levels suggest dysregulation of PC pathway components in MS patients. The stability of PC concentration over time supports a PC investigation in relation to GM atrophy in MS.
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