Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31407319›Full record

ArticleInternational dental journal2019

Oral leukoplakia in the Sudan: clinicopathological features and risk factors.

Mayson B Mustafa, Mohammed O Hassan, Abdelazeem Alhussein, Eltahir Mamoun, Mariam El Sheikh, Ahmed M Suleiman

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International dental journal, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Mayson B MustafaDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0648-3248
Mohammed O HassanFaculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Abdelazeem AlhusseinFaculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Eltahir MamounFaculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Mariam El SheikhDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
Ahmed M SuleimanDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
University of Khartoum · SD

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo analyse the clinical and histopathological features of oral leukoplakia (OL) in the Sudan, and to identify the risk factors associated with dysplastic and malignant changes.

methodsRecords of 117 cases with the diagnosis of OL at the Department of Oral Pathology in the period from 2010 to 2017 were reviewed.

resultsOf the 117 cases included in this study, 30 cases (25.6%) showed carcinoma in the initial diagnostic biopsy. The mean age at diagnosis was 59.8 years with a male/female ratio of 3.3:1. The lip (48.7%) and the gingiva (31.6%) were the predominantly affected sites. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that females were associated with 3.36-fold [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.36-10.76; P = 0.012] higher risk of malignant transformation compared with males. Verrucous leukoplakia was associated with 3.38-fold (95% CI,  1.12-10.19; P =  0.031) higher risk of malignant transformation compared with homogeneous leukoplakia. Exclusive Toombak dipping was the significant risk factor for the presence of dysplasia in OL (odds ratio, 9.35; 95% CI, 1.28-67.99; P = 0.027).

conclusionsClinical and histopathological features of OL were analysed and correlated. Toombak dipping was the significant risk factor for dysplastic changes, while female gender and verrucous leukoplakia were the factors associated with malignant transformation.

Indexed as

Cell Transformation, NeoplasticLeukoplakia, OralFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedOdds RatioRisk FactorsSudandysplasiamalignant transformationOral leukoplakiarisk factorsToombak

Identifiers

PMID31407319
PMCPMC9379077
OpenAlexW2967486016

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.