Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31406960›Full record

ArticleNature machine intelligence2019

Learning with Known Operators reduces Maximum Training Error Bounds.

Andreas K Maier, Christopher Syben, Bernhard Stimpel, Tobias Würfl, Mathis Hoffmann, Frank Schebesch, Weilin Fu, Leonid Mill, Lasse Kling, Silke Christiansen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature machine intelligence, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Accelerated EPR imaging using deep learning denoising.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2025
    Article
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  3. Principles of artificial intelligence in radiooncology.Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] · 2025
    Review
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  9. Recent developments in X-ray diffraction/scattering computed tomography for materials science.Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences · 2023
    Review
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  19. Comparison of methods for sensitivity correction in Talbot-Lau computed tomography.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2021
    Review
  20. Flat-panel conebeam CT in the clinic: history and current state.Journal of medical imaging (Bellingham, Wash.) · 2021
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Andreas K MaierDepartment of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
Christopher SybenDepartment of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
Bernhard StimpelDepartment of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
Tobias WürflDepartment of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
Mathis HoffmannDepartment of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
Frank SchebeschDepartment of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
Weilin FuDepartment of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
Leonid MillDepartment of Computer Science, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
Lasse KlingHelmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Germany.
Silke ChristiansenPhysics Department, Free University Berlin and the Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Germany.

Funding

European Research Council 810316
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We describe an approach for incorporating prior knowledge into machine learning algorithms. We aim at applications in physics and signal processing in which we know that certain operations must be embedded into the algorithm. Any operation that allows computation of a gradient or sub-gradient towards its inputs is suited for our framework. We derive a maximal error bound for deep nets that demonstrates that inclusion of prior knowledge results in its reduction. Furthermore, we also show experimentally that known operators reduce the number of free parameters. We apply this approach to various tasks ranging from CT image reconstruction over vessel segmentation to the derivation of previously unknown imaging algorithms. As such the concept is widely applicable for many researchers in physics, imaging, and signal processing. We assume that our analysis will support further investigation of known operators in other fields of physics, imaging, and signal processing.

Identifiers

PMID31406960
PMCPMC6690833

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.