ArticleScientific reports2019
Semiaquatic mammals might be intermediate hosts to spread avian influenza viruses from avian to human.
Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transmission Pathways of Zoonotic Influenza Viruses and Influencing Factors: A Systematic Review of Recent Findings.Viruses · 2025Pooled it
- Influence of Host and Landscape-Associated Factors in the Infection and Transmission of Pathogens: The Case of Directly Transmitted Virus in Mammals.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Pooled it
- Mapping Reported Modes of Transmission of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1) to Humans: A Scoping Review.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Article
- Cases of Interspecies Transmission of Influenza A Virus from Swine to Humans.Veterinary sciences · 2025Review
- Avian Influenza Virus: Comparative Evolution as the Key for Predicting Host Tropism Expansion.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Detection of a Reassortant Swine- and Human-Origin H3N2 Influenza A Virus in Farmed Mink in British Columbia, Canada.Zoonoses and public health · 2025Article
- Exploring Methods to Evaluate HPAI Transmission Risk in Iowa During Peak HPAI Incidence, February 2022-December 2023.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Isolation and Characterization of Seneca Valley Virus From Pig Transboundary Spread to the Mink Infection.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Article
- Review
- Exploring Potential Intermediates in the Cross-Species Transmission of Influenza A Virus to Humans.Viruses · 2024Review
- Pathogenicity and anti-infection immunity of animal H3N2 and H6N6 subtype influenza virus cross-species infection with tree shrews.Virus research · 2023Article
- Mink infection with influenza A viruses: an ignored intermediate host?One health advances · 2023Review
- An overview of avian influenza surveillance strategies and modes.Science in One Health · 2023Review
- An overview of influenza A virus genes, protein functions, and replication cycle highlighting important updates.Virus genes · 2022Review
- Review
- The past, present and future of RNA respiratory viruses: influenza and coronaviruses.Pathogens and disease · 2020Review
- Development of ssDNA Aptamers for Diagnosis and Inhibition of the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Subtype H5N1.Biomolecules · 2020Article
- Influenza A viruses circulating in dogs: A review of the scientific literature.Open veterinary journalReview
- Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) in animals: A systematic review and meta-analysis.New microbes and new infectionsReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Avian influenza A viruses (AIVs) can occasionally transmit to mammals and lead to the development of human pandemic. A species of mammal is considered as a mixing vessel in the process of host adaptation. So far, pigs are considered as a plausible intermediate host for the generation of human pandemic strains, and are labelled 'mixing vessels'. In this study, through the analysis of two professional databases, the Influenza Virus Resource of NCBI and the Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza Data (GISAID), we found that the species of mink (Neovison vison) can be infected by more subtypes of influenza A viruses with considerably higher α-diversity related indices. It suggested that the semiaquatic mammals (riverside mammals), rather than pigs, might be the intermediate host to spread AIVs and serve as a potential mixing vessel for the interspecies transmission among birds, mammals and human. In epidemic areas, minks, possibly some other semiaquatic mammals as well, could be an important sentinel species for influenza surveillance and early warning.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.