ArticleScientific reports2019
Effectiveness of acid suppressants and other mucoprotective agents in reducing the risk of occult gastrointestinal bleeding in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug users.
Article in Scientific reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Pyroptosis-immunity-microbiome axis in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: mechanisms, risk prediction, and individualized strategies.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Should proton pump inhibitors be used for glucocorticoid-related upper gastrointestinal bleeding prevention in patients with autoimmune liver disease? A real-world cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Rebamipide in gastric mucosal protection and healing: An Asian perspective.World journal of gastrointestinal pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Review
- Rebamipide Prevents the Hemoglobin Drop Related to Mucosal-Damaging Agents at a Level Comparable to Proton Pump Inhibitors.Gut and liver · 2024Article
- Reduced risk of gastrointestinal bleeding associated with eupatilin in aspirin plus acid suppressant users: nationwide population-based study.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2024Article
- The combined use of anti-peptic agents is associated with an increased risk of osteoporotic fracture: a nationwide case-control study.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2024Article
- Turn over the new leaf of the treatment in peptic ulcer bleeding: a review of the literature.Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2024Review
- Association between eupatilin and reduction in small bowel bleeding in aspirin users and aspirin plus acid suppressant users.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2023Article
- Diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations onPrzeglad gastroenterologiczny · 2023Article
- Article
- Risk of Post-Myocardial Infarction Pneumonia with Proton Pump Inhibitors, H2 Receptor Antagonists and Mucoprotective Agents: A Retrospective Nationwide Cohort Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Clinical features of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding undergoing capsule endoscopy: A retrospective cohort study.PloS one · 2022Article
- Rebamipide as a Potential Alternative Gastroprotective Agent to Proton Pump Inhibitor in Elderly Chronic Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Users without Risk Factors.International journal of general medicine · 2022Article
- Underutilization of gastrointestinal prophylaxis in high-risk chronic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug users in Korea.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2021Article
- International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. CIX. Differences and Similarities between Human and Rodent Prostaglandin EPharmacological reviews · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Acid suppressants such as histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are effective in preventing gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) users. Despite widespread acid suppressant use, there remain concerns about several potential risks of long-term use. Therefore, we investigated whether gastroprotective agents (GPAs) other than acid suppression therapy are effective in preventing NSAID-related GI injury. To this end, we studied 9,133 patients with osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis who used NSAIDs for ≥1 month. A decrease of 2 g/dL or more in the hemoglobin level was considered a GI injury indicator. The GPAs included acid suppressants and other mucoprotective agents. Acid suppressants included PPIs and H2RAs. Other mucoprotective agents included misoprostol, rebamipide, and eupatilin. During a median follow-up period of 27 (range, 4.3-51.3) weeks, occult GI bleeding occurred in 1,191 (13%) patients. A comparison of patients who used GPAs concomitantly with that of nonusers in a multivariable analysis revealed the hazard ratios (HRs; 95% confidence intervals [CIs]) for occult GI bleeding were 0.30 (0.20-0.44), 0.35 (0.29-0.43), 0.47 (0.23-0.95), 0.43 (0.35-0.51), and 0.98 (0.86-1.12) for PPIs, H2RAs, misoprostol, rebamipide, and eupatilin, respectively. Compared to PPI co-treatment, H2RA, misoprostol, rebamipide, and eupatilin co-treatments were associated with occult GI bleeding HRs (95% CIs) of 1.19 (0.79-1.79), 1.58 (0.72-3.46), 1.44 (0.96-2.16), and 3.25 (2.21-4.77), respectively. Our findings suggest that mucoprotective agents, such as rebamipide and misoprostol, as well as acid suppressants, are effective in reducing the risk for GI injury in NSAID users.
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