Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31403705›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of botany2019

Hermaphroditism promotes mate diversity in flowering plants.

Dorothy A Christopher, Randall J Mitchell, Dorset W Trapnell, Patrick A Smallwood, Wendy R Semski, Jeffrey D Karron

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of botany, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Divergence of mating systems inPlant diversity · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Diverse mating consequences of the evolutionary breakdown of the sexual polymorphism heterostyly.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Dorothy A ChristopherDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, 3209 N. Maryland Ave, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53211, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8734-2243
Randall J MitchellDepartment of Biology, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, 44325, USA.
Dorset W TrapnellDepartment of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, 120 Carlton St, Athens, Georgia, 30602, USA.
Patrick A SmallwoodDepartment of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, 120 Carlton St, Athens, Georgia, 30602, USA.
Wendy R SemskiDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, 3209 N. Maryland Ave, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53211, USA.
Jeffrey D KarronDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, 3209 N. Maryland Ave, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53211, USA.
University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee · USUniversity of Georgia · USUniversity of Akron · US

Funding

National Science Foundation 1654943National Science Foundation 1654951National Science Foundation 1654967
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

premiseGenetically diverse sibships are thought to increase parental fitness through a reduction in the intensity of sib competition, and through increased opportunities for seedling establishment in spatially or temporally heterogeneous environments. Nearly all research on mate diversity in flowering plants has focused on the number of fathers siring seeds within a fruit or on a maternal plant. Yet as hermaphrodites, plants can also accrue mate diversity by siring offspring on several pollen recipients in a population. Here we explore whether mate composition overlaps between the dual sex functions, and discuss the implications for plant reproductive success.

methodsWe established an experimental population of 49 Mimulus ringens (monkeyflower) plants, each trimmed to a single flower. Following pollination by wild bees, we quantified mate composition for each flower through both paternal and maternal function. Parentage was successfully assigned to 240 progeny, 98% of the sampled seeds.

resultsComparison of mate composition between male and female function revealed high mate diversity, with almost no outcross mates shared between the two sexual functions of the same flower.

conclusionsDual sex roles contribute to a near doubling of mate diversity in our experimental population of Mimulus ringens. This finding may help explain the maintenance of hermaphroditism under conditions that would otherwise favor the evolution of separate sexes.

Indexed as

Disorders of Sex DevelopmentMagnoliopsidaMimulusAnimalsBeesMalePollinationReproductionhermaphroditemale fitnessmate diversitymating networkmating portfoliomultiple paternitypaternitypollinationselfingsexual system

Identifiers

PMID31403705
PMCPMC6852098
OpenAlexW2967006471

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.