ReviewFrontiers in immunology2019
HO-1 and CD39: It Takes Two to Protect the Realm.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heme and iron toxicity in the aged spleen impairs T cell immunity through iron deprivation.Nature aging · 2025Article
- Bilirubin metabolism and its application in disease prevention: mechanisms and research advances.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Review
- CD73 alleviates osteoarthritis by maintaining anabolism and suppressing catabolism of chondrocytes extracellular matrix.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2024Article
- Temporal maturation of Sertoli cells during the establishment of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium†.Biology of reproduction · 2024Article
- Proteomic and phenotypic characteristics of memory-like natural killer cells for cancer immunotherapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Role of Natural Compounds Modulating Heme Catabolic Pathway in Gut, Liver, Cardiovascular, and Brain Diseases.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Macrophages Provide Essential Support for Erythropoiesis, and Extracellular ATP Contributes to a Erythropoiesis-Supportive Microenvironment during Repeated Psychological Stress.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Invasive margin tissue-resident macrophages of high CD163 expression impede responses to T cell-based immunotherapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Article
- The dual role and mutual dependence of heme/HO-1/Bach1 axis in the carcinogenic and anti-carcinogenic intersection.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Review
- Sevoflurane Dampens Acute Pulmonary Inflammation via the Adenosine Receptor A2B and Heme Oxygenase-1.Cells · 2022Article
- Article
- Carbon Monoxide Suppresses Neointima Formation in Transplant Arteriosclerosis by Inhibiting Vascular Progenitor Cell Differentiation.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2021Article
- Deciphering the Role of Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) Expressing Macrophages in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- Adenosine: a partially discovered medicinal agent.Future journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2021Review
- CD32Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Integrated analysis of sialotranscriptome and sialoproteome of the brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus (s.l.): Insights into gene expression during blood feeding.Journal of proteomics · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cellular protective mechanisms exist to ensure survival of the cells and are a fundamental feature of all cells that is necessary for adapting to changes in the environment. Indeed, evolution has ensured that each cell is equipped with multiple overlapping families of genes that safeguard against pathogens, injury, stress, and dysfunctional metabolic processes. Two of the better-known enzymatic systems, conserved through all species, include the heme oxygenases (HO-1/HO-2), and the ectonucleotidases (CD39/73). Each of these systems generates critical bioactive products that regulate the cellular response to a stressor. Absence of these molecules results in the cell being extremely predisposed to collapse and, in most cases, results in the death of the cell. Recent reports have begun to link these two metabolic pathways, and what were once exclusively stand-alone are now being found to be intimately interrelated and do so through their innate ability to generate bioactive products including adenosine, carbon monoxide, and bilirubin. These simple small molecules elicit profound cellular physiologic responses that impact a number of innate immune responses, and participate in the regulation of inflammation and tissue repair. Collectively these enzymes are linked not only because of the mitochondria being the source of their substrates, but perhaps more importantly, because of the impact of their products on specific cellular responses. This review will provide a synopsis of the current state of the field regarding how these systems are linked and how they are now being leveraged as therapeutic modalities in the clinic.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.