ArticleAnnals of clinical and translational neurology2019
Rapid neuroinflammatory changes in human acute intracerebral hemorrhage.
Article in Annals of clinical and translational neurology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomimetic Ru-Mn Nanozyme with Cascade Catalytic Activity Attenuates Secondary Brain Injury in Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Delayed microglial depletion protects against white matter injury following neonatal cerebral hemorrhage in mice.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- The Interaction of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Complement in Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Role of BMEC-Derived Exosomal miR-144-3p in Microglial Polarization: Unveiling the NLRP3-GSDMD Pathway in Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Mediators of inflammation · 2026Article
- Identification of novel gut microbiota-related biomarkers in cerebral hemorrhagic stroke.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
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- Formation of Multinucleated Giant Cells after Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Characteristics and Role of Complement C3.Biomedicines · 2024Article
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- Predictive value of the dynamic systemic immune-inflammation index in the prognosis of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage: a 10-year retrospective analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- New Insights into Roles of IL-7R Gene as a Therapeutic Target Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Article
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- Enhanced liver X receptor signalling reduces brain injury and promotes tissue regeneration following experimental intracerebral haemorrhage: roles of microglia/macrophages.Stroke and vascular neurology · 2023Article
- Blood-Based Biomarkers in Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Characteristics of activation of monocyte-derived macrophages versus microglia after mouse experimental intracerebral hemorrhage.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2023Article
- Systemic inflammation and immune index predicting outcomes in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2023Article
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- Anti-DEspR antibody treatment improves survival and reduces neurologic deficits in a hypertensive, spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (hsICH) rat model.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- γδ T cells recruitment and local proliferation in brain parenchyma benefit anti-neuroinflammation after cerebral microbleeds.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Prominent elevation of extracellular matrix molecules in intracerebral hemorrhage.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2023Article
- Protective role of TLR9-induced macrophage/microglia phagocytosis after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage in mice.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveSpontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the commonest form of hemorrhagic stroke and is associated with a poor prognosis. Neurosurgical removal of intracerebral hematoma has limited benefit and no pharmacotherapies are available. In acute ICH, primary tissue damage is followed by secondary pathology, where the cellular and neuroinflammatory changes are poorly understood.
methodsWe studied histological changes in postmortem tissue from a cohort of spontaneous supra-tentorial primary ICH cases (n = 27) with survival of 1-12 days, compared to a matched control group (n = 16) examined in corresponding regions. Hematoxylin-eosin and microglial (Iba1) immunolabelled sections were assessed at 0-2, 3-5, and 7-12 days post-ICH.
resultsPeri-hematoma, the observed ICH-related changes include edema, tissue neutrophils and macrophages from day 1. Ischemic neurons and swollen endothelial cells were common at day 1 and universal after day 5, as were intramural erythrocytes within small vessel walls. Activated microglia were evident at day 1 post-ICH. There was a significant increase in Iba1 positive area fraction at 0-2 (threefold), 3-5 (fourfold), and 7-12 days post ICH (ninefold) relative to controls. Giant microglia were detected peri-hematoma from day 5 and consistently 7-12 days post-ICH.
interpretationOur data indicate that neuroinflammatory processes commence from day 1 post-ICH with changing microglial size and morphology following ICH and up to day 12. From day 5 some microglia exhibit a novel multiply nucleated morphology, which may be related to changing phagocytic function. Understanding the time course of neuroinflammatory changes, post-ICH may reveal novel targets for therapy and brain restoration.
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