ArticleiScience2019
The FDA-Approved Oral Drug Nitazoxanide Amplifies Host Antiviral Responses and Inhibits Ebola Virus.
Article in iScience, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04463264 (Efficacy and Safety Study of Nitazoxanide), which is not on this map. Cited by 81 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy and Safety Study of Nitazoxanide (NTX) in the Treatment of Patients With SARS-CoC-2 Virus Infection (COVID-19). A Pilot, Randomized, Simple Blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group Study
Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 137 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of Nitazoxanide on the Clinical Outcomes in Patients with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Clinical drug investigation · 2022Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of nitazoxanide in treating SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis of blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Unravelling the synergistic potential of Olibanum extract and Bacillus clausii in combating intestinal cryptosporidiosis in immunosuppressed mice.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Drug Repurposing as a Broad-Spectrum Strategy Against Coronaviruses: Frontiers in Mechanisms and Clinical Translation.Viruses · 2026Review
- Temporal transcriptomics identifies early-response and infection-condition-specific modules guiding host-directed anti-EBOV therapeutics.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- CVID Enteropathy Associated With Chronic Norovirus Infection: Background, Clinical Features, and Therapeutic Aspects.Reviews in medical virology · 2025Review
- Enhancing thiazolide efficacy: C-4 aryl modifications drive selective SARS-CoV-2 inhibition.Future medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Rho-GTPases subfamily: cellular defectors orchestrating viral infection.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2025Review
- SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Antagonizes GADD34-Mediated Innate Immune Pathway through Atypical Foci.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Suppression of Interferon Response and Antiviral Strategies of Bunyaviruses.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Review
- Non-linear plasma protein binding of cannabidiol.Journal of cannabis research · 2024Article
- High-throughput screening unveils nitazoxanide as a potent PRRSV inhibitor by targeting NMRAL1.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Identification of Prospective Ebola Virus VP35 and VP40 Protein Inhibitors from Myxobacterial Natural Products.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- RNA-Based Sensor Systems for Affordable Diagnostics in the Age of Pandemics.ACS synthetic biology · 2024Review
- Human norovirus cultivation systems and their use in antiviral research.Journal of virology · 2024Review
- Transcriptional Differential Analysis of Nitazoxanide-Mediated Anticanine Parvovirus Effect in F81 Cells.Viruses · 2024Article
- Favipiravir induces HuNoV viral mutagenesis and infectivity loss with clinical improvement in immunocompromised patients.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2024Article
- Antiviral Activity of Nitazoxanide and Miltefosine Against FeHV-1 In Vitro.Veterinary medicine international · 2024Article
- What are the current anti-COVID-19 drugs? From traditional to smart molecular mechanisms.Virology journal · 2023Review
- Standardization of an antiviral pipeline for human norovirus in human intestinal enteroids demonstrates nitazoxanide has no to weak antiviral activity.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2023Article
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Here, we show that the US Food and Drug Administration-approved oral drug nitazoxanide (NTZ) broadly amplifies the host innate immune response to viruses and inhibits Ebola virus (EBOV) replication. We find that NTZ enhances retinoic-acid-inducible protein I (RIG-I)-like-receptor, mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein, interferon regulatory factor 3, and interferon activities and induces transcription of the antiviral phosphatase GADD34. NTZ significantly inhibits EBOV replication in human cells through its effects on RIG-I and protein kinase R (PKR), suggesting that it counteracts EBOV VP35 protein's ability to block RIG-I and PKR sensing of EBOV. NTZ also inhibits a second negative-strand RNA virus, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), through RIG-I and GADD34, but not PKR, consistent with VSV's distinct host innate immune evasion mechanisms. Thus, NTZ counteracts varied virus-specific immune evasion strategies by generally enhancing the RNA sensing and interferon axis that is triggered by foreign cytoplasmic RNA exposure, and holds promise as an oral therapy against EBOV.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.