ArticlePhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2019
Mechanistic dose-response modelling of animal challenge data shows that intact skin is a crucial barrier to leptospiral infection.
Article in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Drivers of humanEpidemiology and infection · 2024Pooled it
- Wyeomyia confusa Lispivirus (WcLispV-SP): a novel neotropical mosquito virus in the Lispiviridae family.Archives of virology · 2026Article
- Dose-dependent interaction of parasites with tiers of host defense predicts "wormholes" that prolong infection at intermediate inoculum sizes.PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
- Leptospira Leptolysin Contributes to Serum Resistance but Is Not Essential for Acute Infection.Molecular microbiology · 2024Article
- Leptospira interrogans biofilm transcriptome highlights adaption to starvation and general stress while maintaining virulence.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2024Article
- Immunological feedback loops generate parasite persistence thresholds that explain variation in infection duration.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2024Article
- Detection of Leptospira kirschneri in a short-beaked common dolphin (Delphinus delphis delphis) stranded off the coast of southern California, USA.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- Are PathogenicTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Article
- Pathogenic Leptospira are widespread in the urban wildlife of southern California.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- MPL36, a major plasminogen (PLG) receptor in pathogenic Leptospira, has an essential role during infection.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Risk Factors for Hospitalisation amongst Leptospirosis Patients in New Zealand.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2021Article
- Severe leptospirosis after rat bite: A case report.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Dynamic and integrative approaches to understanding pathogen spillover.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2019Article
- Dose-response and transmission: the nexus between reservoir hosts, environment and recipient hosts.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2019Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a widespread and potentially life-threatening zoonotic disease caused by spirochaetes of the genus Leptospira. Humans become infected primarily via contact with environmental reservoirs contaminated by the urine of shedding mammalian hosts. Populations in high transmission settings, such as urban slums and subsistence farming communities, are exposed to low doses of Leptospira on a daily basis. Under these conditions, numerous factors determine whether infection occurs, including the route of exposure and inoculum dose. Skin wounds and abrasions are risk factors for leptospirosis, but it is not known whether broken skin is necessary for spillover, or if low-dose exposures to intact skin and mucous membranes can also cause infection. To establish a quantitative relationship between dose, route and probability of infection, we performed challenge experiments in hamsters and rats, developed mechanistic dose-response models representing the spatial dynamics of within-host infection and persistence, and fitted models to experimental data. Results show intact skin is a strong barrier against infection, and that broken skin is the predominant route by which low-dose environmental exposures cause infection. These results identify skin integrity as a bottleneck to spillover of Leptospira and underscore the importance of barrier interventions in the prevention of leptospirosis. This article is part of the theme issue 'Dynamic and integrative approaches to understanding pathogen spillover'.
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