ArticleBMJ open2019
Sponsorship of national and regional professional paediatrics associations by companies that make breast-milk substitutes: evidence from a review of official websites.
Article in BMJ open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Commercial influences on infant and young child feeding.Future healthcare journal · 2025Article
- The urgent need to end sponsorship of healthcare professional associations by the commercial milk formula industry.Future healthcare journal · 2025Article
- Monitoring and enforcement of Code-based legal measures to protect breastfeeding in South Asia: opportunities and bottlenecks.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Breastfeeding, first-food systems and corporate power: a case study on the market and political practices of the transnational baby food industry in Brazil.Globalization and health · 2024Article
- Commercial milk formula marketing following increased restrictions in Singapore: A qualitative study.Maternal & child nutrition · 2024Article
- Marketing of commercial milk formula during COVID-19 in Indonesia.Maternal & child nutrition · 2023Article
- Healthcare professionals, breast milk substitutes and corporate sponsorship.BMJ paediatrics open · 2023Article
- Infant feeding policies and monitoring systems: A qualitative study of European Countries.Maternal & child nutrition · 2022Article
- (Non)Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes in South African Parenting Magazines: How Marketing Regulations May Be Working.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Global evidence of persistent violations of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes: A systematic scoping review.Maternal & child nutrition · 2022Article
- Article
- Racial capitalism and the US formula shortage: A policy analysis of the formula industry as a neocolonial system.Frontiers in sociology · 2022Article
- Violations in the marketing of milks and complementary foods that compete with breastfeeding in Rio de Janeiro City, Brazil.Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo · 2022Article
- Harassment of health professionals by the infant food industry at scientific events.Revista de saude publica · 2022Article
- Review
- Beliefs and Norms Associated with the Use of Ultra-Processed Commercial Milk Formulas for Pregnant Women in Vietnam.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Advertising of Human Milk Substitutes in United Kingdom Healthcare Professional Publications: An Observational Study.Journal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association · 2021Observational
- Rates and time trends in the consumption of breastmilk, formula, and animal milk by children younger than 2 years from 2000 to 2019: analysis of 113 countries.The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2021Article
- 'Public health nutrition · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesProfessional paediatrics associations play an important role in promoting the highest standard of care for women and children. Education and guidelines must be made in the best interests of patients. Given the importance of breastfeeding for the health, development and survival of infants, children and mothers, paediatric associations have a particular responsibility to avoid conflicts of interest with companies that manufacture breast-milk substitutes (BMSs). The objective of this study was to investigate the extent to which national and regional paediatric associations are sponsored by BMS companies.
methodsData were collected on national paediatric associations based on online searches of websites and Facebook pages. Sites were examined for evidence of financial sponsorship by the BMS industry, including funding of journals, newsletters or other publications, conferences and events, scholarships, fellowship, grants and awards. Payment for services, such as exhibitor space at conferences or events and paid advertisements in publications, was also noted.
resultsOverall, 68 (60%) of the 114 paediatric associations with a website or Facebook account documented receiving financial support from BMS companies. Sponsorship, particularly of conferences or other events, was the most common type of financial support. The prevalence of conference sponsorship is highest in Europe and the Americas, where about half of the associations have BMS company-sponsored conferences. Thirty-one associations (27%) indicated that they received funding from BMS companies as payment for advertisements or exhibitor space. Only 18 associations (16%) have conflict of interest policies, guidelines, or criteria posted online.
conclusionDespite the well-documented importance of breastfeeding and the widespread recognition that commercial influences can shape the behaviours of healthcare professionals, national and regional paediatric associations commonly accept funding from companies that manufacture and distribute BMS. Paediatric associations should function without the influence of commercial interests.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.