ReviewNature reviews. Rheumatology2019
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus: new insights into pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies.
Review in Nature reviews. Rheumatology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
97 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 196 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systemic Treatment Strategies for Patients with Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis in the Setting of ANA Positivity or Lupus Spectrum Disease: A Comprehensive Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Trends and collaborations in discoid lupus erythematosus research: a bibliometric analysis from 2010 to 2024.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Medicinal Plant Extracts and Natural Compounds for the Treatment of Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Litifilimab efficacy on skin outcomes in cutaneous lupus erythematosus in the Phase 2 LILAC study.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2026Trial
- Pharmacodynamic Effects of Litifilimab in Lupus in a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Phase 2 Study: Rapid and Sustained Reductions in Type I Interferon-Associated Gene Expression and Cytokines.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Trial
- Enpatoran, a first-in-class, selective, orally administered toll-like receptor 7/8 inhibitor, in systemic and cutaneous lupus erythematosus: results from a randomised, placebo-controlled phase Ib study.Lupus science & medicine · 2025Trial
- Modern Therapies for Discoid Lupus Erythematosus: A Narrative Review.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Microarray Gene Expression Analysis of Lesional Skin in Canine Vesicular Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (VCLE).Veterinary dermatology · 2026Article
- Integrative agent-based modeling of cutaneous lupus: single-cell benchmarking and in silico evaluation of B-cell therapies.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2026Article
- Non-specific cutaneous lupus erythematosus and clinical significance: a literature review.Journal of rheumatic diseases · 2026Review
- RNA in situ hybridization for ISG15 and IFI6 highlights IFN-I activity in discoid lupus erythematosus.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2026Article
- The Therapeutic Effect of Tapinarof on In Vitro Cutaneous Lupus-like Keratinocyte Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Upregulated GLUT1 expression correlates with type I interferon activity and disease severity in cutaneous lupus erythematosus.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Article
- Persistent cutaneous lupus erythematosus: A pathway toward systemic disease?Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Review
- From Genes to Pathways: The Molecular Landscape of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Real-world safety profile of anifrolumab: An observational disproportionality analysis of the FAERS database.Medicine · 2026Observational
- A MIF-p38-GSDMD inflammatory loop in keratinocytes underlies UVB-induced cutaneous lupus.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- JAK-Inhibitors Beyond the Label: Emerging Applications in Dermatology.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- What's New in Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: Guidelines, Biologics, and Beyond.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2026Review
- Epidermal Interferon-κ Drives Cutaneous Lupus-Like Lesions, Photosensitivity, and Systemic Autoimmunity In Vivo.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is an autoimmune disease that can present as an isolated skin disease or as a manifestation within the spectrum of systemic lupus erythematosus. The clinical spectrum of CLE is broad, ranging from isolated discoid plaques to widespread skin lesions. Histologically, skin lesions present as interface dermatitis (inflammation of the skin mediated by anti-epidermal responses), which is orchestrated by type I and type III interferon-regulated cytokines and chemokines. Both innate and adaptive immune pathways are strongly activated in the formation of skin lesions owing to continuous re-activation of innate pathways via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). These insights into the molecular pathogenesis of skin lesions in CLE have improved our understanding of the mechanisms underlying established therapies and have triggered the development of targeted treatment strategies that focus on immune cells (for example, B cells, T cells or plasmacytoid dendritic cells), as well as immune response pathways (for example, PRR signalling, Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signalling and nuclear factor-κB signalling) and their cytokines and chemokines (for example, type I interferons, CXC-chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10), IL-6 and IL-12).
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.