ArticleBMC nephrology2019
Complement activation products in the circulation and urine of primary membranous nephropathy.
Article in BMC nephrology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pitfalls in complement analysis: A systematic literature review of assessing complement activation.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Biomarkers in the Management of Complement-Mediated Kidney Diseases in the Era of Complement Therapeutics.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2026Review
- Autoantibodies reactive with glomerular endothelial cells and podocytes in patients with membranous nephropathy.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Article
- Global research trends and hotspots in targeted therapy for IgA nephropathy: a bibliometric and visualization analysis (1999-2025).Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Complement role in kidney disease: a comprehensive review and therapeutic innovations.BMC nephrology · 2026Review
- Contemporary review of primary membranous nephropathy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Alternative pathway-mediated tubular complement activation in human proteinuric kidney diseases: a proof-of-concept study.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Article
- Intercepting the complement amplification loop through podocyte MC5R signaling ameliorates membranous nephropathy.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- Defining subgroups of pediatric nephrotic patients with urine proteomics.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Detection and prognostic relevance of PLA2R epitopes in idiopathic membranous nephropathy: a simultaneous quantitative multiplex suspension array detection method.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Article
- Membranous Nephropathy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Urine complement analysis implies complement activation is involved in membranous nephropathy.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Efficacy and safety of obinutuzumab in primary membranous nephropathy: a real-world retrospective study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Prognostic value of serum complement cleavage factor Bb in idiopathic membranous nephropathy and establishment of nomogram model.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Apical tubular complement activation and the loss of kidney function in proteinuric kidney diseases.Clinical kidney journal · 2024Review
- Prediction model for treatment response of primary membranous nephropathy with nephrotic syndrome.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2024Article
- Pathological mechanism of immune disorders in diabetic kidney disease and intervention strategies.World journal of diabetes · 2024Review
- Urinary complement biomarkers in immune-mediated kidney diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- The complement system in pediatric acute kidney injury.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Review
- Prognostic value of complement serum C3 level and glomerular C3 deposits in anti-glomerular basement membrane disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundComplement activation plays a substantial role in the pathogenesis of primary membranous nephropathy (pMN). C5b-9, C3c, MBL, and factor B have been documented in the subepithelial immune deposits. However, the changing of complement activation products in circulation and urine is not clear.
methodsWe measured the circulating and urinary levels of C1q, MBL, C4d, Bb, properdin, C3a, C5a, and sC5b-9, in 134 patients with biopsy-proven pMN, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All the plasma values were corrected by eGFR and all the urinary values were corrected by urinary creatinine and urinary protein excretion. Anti-PLA2R antibodies were measured in all patients.
resultsThe plasma complement activation products were elevated both in the patients with and without anti-PLA2R antibodies. C3a levels were remarkably increased in the circulation and urine, much higher than the elevated levels of C5a. C5b-9 was in normal range in plasma, but significantly higher in urine. The urinary C5a had a positive correlation with anti-PLA2R antibody levels and urinary protein. The plasma level of C4d was elevated, but C1q and MBL were comparable to healthy controls. Positive correlations were observed between plasma C4d/MBL and urinary protein, only in the patients with positive anti-PLA2R antibodies but not in those without. The plasma level of Bb was elevated and had positive correlation with urinary protein only in the patients without anti-PLA2R antibodies.
conclusionComplement activation products were remarkable increased in pMN and may serve as sensitive biomarkers of disease activity. The complement may be activated through lectin pathway with the existence of anti-PLA2R antibodies, while through alternative pathway in the absence of antibody.
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