Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31398243›Full record

ArticlePloS one2019

Racial disparities and factors associated with pregnancy in kidney transplant recipients in the United States.

Silvi Shah, Annette L Christianson, Prasoon Verma, Karthikeyan Meganathan, Anthony C Leonard, Daniel P Schauer, Charuhas V Thakar

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Silvi ShahDivision of Nephrology Kidney C.A.R.E. Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-9941-9404
Annette L ChristiansonDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States.
Prasoon VermaDivision of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States.
Karthikeyan MeganathanDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States.
Anthony C LeonardDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States.
Daniel P SchauerDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States.
Charuhas V ThakarDivision of Nephrology Kidney C.A.R.E. Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States.
University of Cincinnati · USCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center · USCincinnati VA Medical Center · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlthough kidney transplant improves reproductive function in women with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), pregnancy in kidney transplant recipients' remains challenging due to the risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.

methodsWe evaluated a retrospective cohort of 7,966 women who were aged 15-45 years and received a kidney transplant between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2011 from the United States Renal Data System with Medicare as the primary payer for the entire three years after the date of transplantation. Unadjusted and adjusted rates of pregnancy in the first three post-transplant years were calculated, using Poisson regression for the adjustment. Factors associated with pregnancy, including race, were examined using logistic regression.

resultsOverall, 293 pregnancies were identified in 7966 women. The unadjusted pregnancy rate was 13.8 per thousand person-years (PTPY) (95% confidence interval (CI), 12.3-15.5). Pregnancy rates were roughly constant in the years 2005-2011 except in 2005 and 2010. The rate of pregnancy was highest in Hispanic women (21.4 PTPY; 95% CI, 17.2-26.4) and Hispanic women had a higher likelihood of pregnancy as compared to white women (OR, 1.56; CI, 1.12-2.16). Pregnancy rates were lowest in women aged 30-34 years and 35-45 years at transplant, and women aged 30-34 years and 35-45 years at transplant were less likely to ever become pregnant during the follow-up (odds ratio [OR], 0.69; CI, 0.49-0.98 and OR, 0.14; CI 0.09-0.21 respectively) as compared to women aged 25-29 years at time of transplant. Women had higher rates of pregnancy in the second and third-year post-transplant (16.0 PTPY, CI 13.2-19.2 and 16.9 PTPY, CI 14.0-20.4) than in the first-year post-transplant (9.0 PTPY, CI 7.0-11.4). In transplant recipients, pregnancy was more likely in women with ESKD due to cystic disease (OR, 2.42; CI, 1.02-5.74) or glomerulonephritis (OR, 2.14; CI, 1.07-4.31) as compared to women with ESKD due to diabetes.

conclusionHispanic race, younger age, and ESKD cause due to cystic disease or glomerulonephritis are significant factors associated with a higher likelihood of pregnancy. Pregnancy rates have been fairly constant over the last decade. This study improves our understanding of factors associated with pregnancy in kidney transplant recipients.

Indexed as

Kidney TransplantationRacismTransplant RecipientsAdultCohort StudiesFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMultivariate AnalysisOdds RatioPregnancyUnited States

Identifiers

PMID31398243
PMCPMC6688836
OpenAlexW2968379674

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.