Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31397580›Full record

ArticleAstrobiology2019

Phobos LIFE (Living Interplanetary Flight Experiment).

Bruce H Betts, David Warmflash, Raymond E Fraze, Louis Friedman, Elena Vorobyova, Timothy G Lilburn, Amy Smith, Petra Rettberg, K Ingemar Jönsson, Neva Ciftcioglu and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Astrobiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Bruce H BettsThe Planetary Society, Pasadena, California, USA.
David WarmflashThe Planetary Society, Pasadena, California, USA.
Raymond E FrazeStellar Exploration, Inc., San Luis Obispo, California, USA.
Louis FriedmanThe Planetary Society, Pasadena, California, USA.
Elena VorobyovaSpace Research Institute (IKI), Moscow, Russia.
Timothy G LilburnNovozymes NA, Franklinton, North Carolina, USA.
Amy SmithGeorge Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, USA.
Petra RettbergGerman Aerospace Center (DLR e. V.), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Radiation Biology Department, Cologne (Köln), Germany.
K Ingemar JönssonDepartment of Environmental Science and Bioscience, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden.
Neva CiftciogluIndependent, Houston, Texas, USA.
George E FoxUniversity of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
Tomas SvitekStellar Exploration, Inc., San Luis Obispo, California, USA.
Joseph L KirschvinckCaltech, Pasadena, California, USA.
Ralf MoellerGerman Aerospace Center (DLR e. V.), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Radiation Biology Department, Cologne (Köln), Germany.
Marko WassmannGerman Aerospace Center (DLR e. V.), Executive Board Division Space Research and Development, Programme Space R&D, Cologne (Köln), Germany.
Thomas BergerGerman Aerospace Center (DLR e. V.), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Radiation Biology Department, Cologne (Köln), Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Planetary Society's Phobos Living Interplanetary Flight Experiment (Phobos LIFE) flew in the sample return capsule of the Russian Federal Space Agency's Phobos Grunt mission and was to have been a test of one aspect of the hypothesis that life can move between nearby planets within ejected rocks. Although the Phobos Grunt mission failed, we present here the scientific and engineering design and motivation of the Phobos LIFE experiment to assist with the scientific and engineering design of similar future experiments. Phobos LIFE flew selected organisms in a simulated meteoroid. The 34-month voyage would have been the first such test to occur in the high-radiation environment outside the protection of Earth's magnetosphere for more than a few days. The patented Phobos LIFE "biomodule" is an 88 g cylinder consisting of a titanium outer shell, several types of redundant seals, and 31 individual Delrin sample containers. Phobos LIFE contained 10 different organisms, representing all three domains of life, and one soil sample. The organisms are all very well characterized, most with sequenced genomes. Most are extremophiles, and most have flown in low Earth orbit. Upon return from space, the health and characteristics of organisms were to have been compared with controls that remained on Earth and have not yet been opened.

Indexed as

ExobiologyExtraterrestrial EnvironmentPlanetsSpace FlightHot TemperatureMeteoroidsRadiationLithopanspermia.PanspermiaPhobos LIFESpaceflight experimentsTranspermia

Identifiers

PMID31397580
PMCPMC6775494

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.