ArticleAIDS and behavior2020
"That Guy is Gay and Black. That's a Red Flag." How HIV Stigma and Racism Affect Perception of Risk Among Young Black Men Who Have Sex with Men.
Article in AIDS and behavior, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Racism, homophobia, and the sexual health of young Black men who have sex with men in the United States: A systematic review.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Barriers, Facilitators and Opportunities for HIV Status Disclosure Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men: Qualitative Findings from the Tough Talks Intervention.AIDS and behavior · 2024Trial
- Designing Pleasure-Centered, Culturally Relevant PrEP Messaging for Black Gay, Bisexual, Queer, Same-Gender-Loving, and Other Men Who have Sex with Men (SGL/MSM) in New York City.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Health equity for young Black sexually minoritized men through their eyes: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Efficacy on the rocks: how hazardous drinking contextualizes the path from internalized heterosexism to antiretroviral adherence via adherence self-efficacy.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2026Article
- Everyday Discrimination and Vulnerability to HIV Transmission Among Sexual and Gender Minorities of Color in Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- A Rapid Review of HIV-Related Stigma-Reduction Randomized Controlled Trials.AIDS and behavior · 2025Review
- Black Sexual Minority Men's Experiences in MPowerment Interventions: Implications for HIV Prevention.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2025Article
- The Lives and Futures of Late Adolescent Black Members of the LGBTQIA Population.Social problems · 2025Article
- 'I was like, this is gonna hurt': Implementing self-sampling of dried blood spots to measure HIV viral load.PloS one · 2025Article
- Effects of Online Friendships on Safer Sex Communication and Behavior among Black Sexual Minority Men: A Study of Network Exposure.Health communication · 2024Article
- The damaging legacy of damage-centered LGBTIQ+ research: Implications for healthcare and LGBTIQ+ health.The Journal of social issues · 2024Article
- The Impact of Stigma and Sexual Identity on PrEP Awareness and Use Among At-Risk Men Who Have Sex With Men in Four U.S. Cities (HPTN 078).Stigma and health · 2024Article
- Monkeypox stigma and risk communication; Understanding the dilemma.Journal of infection and public health · 2024Article
- Initial Development and Validation of the Brief Internalized Heterosexist Racism Scale for Gay and Bisexual Black Men: A Measure of Internalized Heterosexist Racism.Archives of sexual behavior · 2024Article
- Knowledge about HIV-Related Services Among Young Blacks with Diverse Sexual Identities: an Intra-racial Analysis.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Using an intersectionality-based approach to evaluate mental health services use among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men in Montreal, Toronto and Vancouver.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2024Article
- Unpacking racism during COVID-19: narratives from racialized Canadian gay, bisexual, and queer men.International journal for equity in health · 2023Article
- Article
- Monkeypox-Related Stigma and Vaccine Challenges as a Barrier to HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis among Black Sexual Minority Men.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Young Black men who have sex with men's (YBMSM) attitudes and personal beliefs about themselves and their risk for HIV can be modified as a result of experiences with racism and HIV stigma. In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with 25 HIV-negative YBMSM, aged 18-24, in North Carolina and Maryland. Data were thematically analyzed to capture participants' experiences and thoughts related to stigmatizing experiences and their perception of risk for HIV. Participants reported experiencing HIV stigmatizing and blatant racist commentary related to their identities as YBMSM. Participants described diverse strategies to distance themselves from these negative stereotypes and decrease their sexual risk for HIV. The findings highlight that HIV stigma and racial stereotypes are one of the many types of discrimination that YBMSM experience within the Black and gay communities and in society; leading to psychological distress and an altered perception of self and sexual risk.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.