Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31396469›Full record

ArticleCureus2019

Risk Factors Associated with Surgical Site Infections: A Retrospective Report from a Developing Country.

Shahbaz Ansari, Muhammad Hassan, Habiba D Barry, Tariq Ali Bhatti, Syed Zohaib Maroof Hussain, Shah Jabeen, Sundus Fareed

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  13. Effect of Standardized Bundle Care and Bundle Compliance on Reducing Surgical Site Infections: A Pragmatic Retrospective Cohort Study.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2024
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  15. Frequency and Risk Factors of Surgical Site Infection among Sudanese Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2024
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  16. Risk factors for hospital-based surgical site infections.Archives of dermatological research · 2023
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  17. Single-use negative pressure wound therapy to prevent surgical site complications in high-risk patients undergoing caesarean sections: a real-world study.International journal for quality in health care : journal of the International Society for Quality in Health Care · 2023
    Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Shahbaz AnsariInternal Medicine, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, PAK.
Muhammad HassanSurgery, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK.
Habiba D BarryInternal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK.
Tariq Ali BhattiSurgery, Civil Hospital Karachi, Karachi, PAK.
Syed Zohaib Maroof HussainSurgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, PAK.
Shah JabeenPhysiology, Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi, PAK.
Sundus FareedInternal Medicine, Civil Hospital Karachi, Karachi, PAK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction Any infection occurring at the site of a surgical incision superficially or deep within the fascia, within 30 days of a surgical procedure is termed as a surgical site infection (SSI). Due to limited resources, non-adherence to infection control guidelines and substandard sterilization practices, the incidence is higher in developing countries. The aim of this study is to estimate the incidence of surgical site infections in general surgeries at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan and identify the predisposing risk factors. Methods This was a retrospective analysis that included all surgical records from June 1, 2018, to December 31, 2018. After exclusion, 882 records were included. The incidence of SSI and predisposing risk factors were noted. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS v. 22.0 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, US). Results The incidence of SSI was 8.84% (n=78). SSIs were more common in older participants (11.4% vs. 6.4%; p=0.009), in patients with more than 24 hour of preoperative hospital stay (11.2% vs. 64%; p=0.013), in procedures of longer duration (1.53 ± 0.35 vs 2.57 ± 0.17; p<0.0001), and in emergency surgeries (19.2% vs. 7.5%; p=0.0001). The combined incidence of SSIs in American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) index III and above was 37 (47.4%) and that in I and II was 41 (52.6%) (p<0.00001). Conclusion This study has revealed a very high incidence of surgical site infections. These infections are more common in elderly patients, patients undergoing emergency surgeries, those with longer preoperative hospital stay and longer surgical duration, and patients with a high ASA index.

Indexed as

clean surgeryincidence of ssipakistanpredictorspredictors of prolonged hospitalizationrisk factorssurgical site infections

Identifiers

PMID31396469
PMCPMC6679712

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.