ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2019
Hikikomori Phenomenon in East Asia: Regional Perspectives, Challenges, and Opportunities for Social Health Agencies.
Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Diagnostic Performance and Subcategorization of Hikikomori Cases in Oman: A Cross-Sectional Study and Comparative Analysis of the HQ-25 and HiDE-I Assessment Tools.TheScientificWorldJournal · 2026Article
- From pixels to isolation: Exploring the relationship between technological addiction, depression, hikikomori risk factors, and hikikomori tendencies among young adults.The International journal of social psychiatry · 2025Article
- Hikikomori Risk in the UK.The International journal of social psychiatry · 2025Article
- Comorbidity Between Hikikomori and Autistic Traits May Be Identified as a Phenotypical Presentation Characterized by Greater Severity.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Psychological Factors Related to Social Exclusion of Hikikomori (Prolonged Social Withdrawal) Individuals by Local Residents.Yonago acta medica · 2025Article
- The chain mediating role of rumination and social withdrawal in the relationship between smartphone distraction and depression among Chinese nursing students.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Autism Spectrum, Hikikomori Syndrome and Internet Gaming Disorder: Is There a Link?Brain sciences · 2023Review
- Contemporary Hermits: A Developmental Psychopathology Account of Extreme Social Withdrawal (Hikikomori) in Young People.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2023Article
- Article
- Reaching hidden youth in Singapore through the Hidden Youth Intervention Program: A biopsychosocial approach integrating mental health and social work interventions.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Therapeutic comparison in psychological capital.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Editorial: Hikikomori: an international perspective on assessment, treatment, and community intervention.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Hikikomori: A Society-Bound Syndrome of Severe Social Withdrawal.Psychiatry and clinical psychopharmacology · 2022Review
- The scope and nature of prolonged social withdrawal in Israel: An initial quantitative and qualitative investigation.The International journal of social psychiatry · 2022Article
- The relationship between Hikikomori risk factors and social withdrawal tendencies among emerging adults-An exploratory study of Hikikomori in Singapore.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- International experience of hikikomori (prolonged social withdrawal) and its relevance to psychiatric research.BJPsych international · 2021Review
- Multimodal treatment for a Brazilian case of hikikomori.Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) · 2020Article
- Psychotic Experiences and Hikikomori in a Nationally Representative Sample of Adult Community Residents in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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Abstract
Hikikomori, which originated in Japan, refers to the condition where youths withdraw into the home and do not participate in society for an extended period of time. Recent updates on hikikomori presentation within the region were exchanged at a Hikikomori Round Table and Regional Symposium (HRTRS) discussion late 2017, leading to this perspective paper. Hikikomori presents as an overall homogeneous construct, while diversity in clinical presentation exists across East Asian countries. We examined the various presentations, risk factors, theoretical frameworks, and classification issues about hikikomori. In particular, specific risk factors have emerged to some degree across the region, while some are more locale specific. We propose that hikikomori youths have differential onset and developmental patterns, potentially resulting in heterogeneous presentation. We briefly summarized existing interventions in the East Asian region. Intervention strategies need to be tailored to different subtypes. A multicomponent approach would address complexity, multifactorial onset, and development of the condition. The HRTRS presented to participating countries the opportunity to collectively work toward a more universal definition of the hikikomori condition and explored innovative ways to shape existing service structures. Opportunities for participating countries described pertain to early detection of cases, adoption of assessment tools, and improved intervention services.
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