ArticlePloS one2019
Gut microbiome response to a modern Paleolithic diet in a Western lifestyle context.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Mediterranean Diet to Prevent the Development of Colon Diseases: A Meta-Analysis of Gut Microbiota Studies.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Short-term effects of a Paleolithic lifestyle intervention in breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy: a pilot and feasibility study.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2020Trial
- The Effect of an Autoimmune Protocol (AIP) Diet in Adults With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Single Arm Crossover Pilot Feasibility Study.Musculoskeletal care · 2026Article
- Mechanisms, Modulation, and Mitigation: Dietary-Gut Microbiome Strategies Against Antibiotic Resistance.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Gut microbiome and functional adaptations to paleo and rational diets in professional athletes: a pilot study.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Double-Edged Sword: Urbanization and Response of Amniote Gut Microbiome in the Anthropocene.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Dihydroquercetin attenuatedAnimal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2025Article
- Inverse association between Paleolithic Diet Fraction and mortality and incidence of cardiometabolic disease in the prospective Malmö Diet and Cancer Study.European journal of nutrition · 2024Article
- Gut Microbiota and Microbial Metabolism in Early Risk of Cardiometabolic Disease.Circulation research · 2023Review
- Review
- Review
- Gut microbiome-mediated mechanisms in aging-related diseases: are probiotics ready for prime time?Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- The role of the gut microbiota in multiple sclerosis.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2022Review
- Essential Factors for a Healthy Microbiome: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Multiple sclerosis and the microbiota: Progress in understanding the contribution of the gut microbiome to disease.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2022Review
- Re-examining chemically defined liquid diets through the lens of the microbiome.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2021Review
- Fecal bacterial communities of wild black capuchin monkeys (Current research in microbial sciences · 2021Article
- Over-feeding the gut microbiome: A scoping review on health implications and therapeutic perspectives.World journal of gastroenterology · 2021Article
- Article
- Changes in gut microbiota in the acute phase after spinal cord injury correlate with severity of the lesion.Scientific reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The modern Paleolithic diet (MPD), featured by the consumption of vegetables, fruit, nuts, seeds, eggs, fish and lean meat, while excluding grains, dairy products, salt and refined sugar, has gained substantial public attention in recent years because of its potential multiple health benefits. However, to date little is known about the actual impact of this dietary pattern on the gut microbiome (GM) and its implications for human health. In the current scenario where Western diets, low in fiber while rich in industrialized and processed foods, are considered one of the leading causes of maladaptive GM changes along human evolution, likely contributing to the increasing incidence of chronic non-communicable diseases, we hypothesize that the MPD could modulate the Western GM towards a more "ancestral" configuration. In an attempt to shed light on this, here we profiled the GM structure of urban Italian subjects adhering to the MPD, and compared data with other urban Italians following a Mediterranean Diet (MD), as well as worldwide traditional hunter-gatherer populations from previous publications. Notwithstanding a strong geography effect on the GM structure, our results show an unexpectedly high degree of biodiversity in MPD subjects, which well approximates that of traditional populations. The GM of MPD individuals also shows some peculiarities, including a high relative abundance of bile-tolerant and fat-loving microorganisms. The consumption of plant-based foods-albeit with the exclusion of grains and pulses-along with the minimization of the intake of processed foods, both hallmarks of the MPD, could therefore contribute to partially rewild the GM but caution should be taken in adhering to this dietary pattern in the long term.
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